Delimitation of safe corridors for the insertion of external fixator pins in the dog 2: Forelimb

Anatomical dissections of fresh canine fore-limb specimens were carried out on the brachium and antebrachium and cross sections of the antebrachium to identify the location of safe corridors for external skeletal fixator pin insertion. Those areas and lines for safe, hazardous and unsafe corridors were defined and measured along the canine forelimb. Recommendations are made on the safe and effective use of fixator frames in the canine humerus and radius. The canine humerus was considered a concentric bone and no safe corridors could be identified. However, safe areas and lines are described. The distal two-thirds of the medial aspect of the canine radius represents a safe corridor.