自动灌溉施肥模式对温室黄瓜产量及水肥利用的影响

为了探寻日光温室天津地区适宜的自动化灌溉施肥制度,以秋冬茬黄瓜为试材,以传统手动简易灌溉施肥模式为对照,研究了基于黄瓜需水需肥规律的自动灌溉施肥模式对黄瓜产量及水肥利用率的影响。结果表明:与手动灌溉施肥相比,自动灌溉施肥可节水22.4%,节肥30.4%;在保证黄瓜正常生长的基础上,显著提高黄瓜单果重以及产量,商品瓜的产量提高11.1%,灌溉水利用率和肥料偏生产力分别提高43.6%和60.0%。因此,自动化灌溉施肥设备依据温室黄瓜需水需肥规律进行水肥管理可以作为黄瓜产量改善及水肥资源高效利用的有效途径之一。

Influence of Automatic Irrigation and Fertilization Mode on Yield and Water & Fertilizer Utilization of Greenhouse Cucumber

In order to explore the appropriate automatic irrigation and fertilization system of solar greenhouse in Tianjin, the conventional manual irrigation mode is taken as comparison, and the influence of automatic irrigation and fertilization model, which is based on the cucumber water requirement rule, on the yield of cucumber and the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is studied.The results show that: compared with manual irrigation and fertilization mode, the automatic irrigation and fertilization mode can save water by 22.4% and fertilization by 30.4%;the single fruit weight and yield of cucumber is enhanced significantly with the guarantee of cucumber normal growth, the yield of marketable fruit is enhanced by 11.1%, and the irrigation water utilization efficiency and fertilization production efficiency is enhanced by 43.6% and 60.0%, respectively.So using the automatic irrigation and fertilization equipments to conduct the water and fertilization management based on cucumber water and fertilization requirement rule can be used as an effective approach to enhance the cucumber yield and water and fertilization utilization efficiency.