虾夷扇贝组织中微量元素的分布特性

研究了虾夷扇贝闭壳肌、外套膜、内脏团、瓣鳃和性腺中Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Pb和Cd等元素的分布特性。试验结果表明,内脏团中的Cu显著(P<0.05)高于其他各组织,其他各组织间差异不显著(P>0.05);闭壳肌中Zn的含量显著(P<0.05)高于内脏团、外套膜、瓣鳃和性腺中的含量;Fe含量内脏团和瓣鳃中显著(P<0.05)高于性腺、闭壳肌和外套膜;各组织中Mn的分布特性为瓣鳃>闭壳肌>性腺>内脏团>外套膜;Pb的分布特性为内脏团>闭壳肌>性腺>外套膜>瓣鳃;内脏团中的Cd占全贝总量的67%,显著高于其他组织。因此,约占全贝质量10%的内脏团蓄积了较高含量的Cu、Fe、Pb和Cd,尤其是Cu和Cd(分别约占全贝蓄积总量的71%和67%),食用时去掉内脏团,可保证虾夷扇贝的食用安全和较高的食用及营养价值。

Distribution of Some Heavy Metals in Japanese Scallop Patinopectin yessoensis

The distribution of copper(Cu),iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),zinc(Zn),lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) was studied in adductor,mantle,visceral mass,gill and gonad of Japanese scallop Patinopectin yessoensis.The results showed that there was significantly higher content of Cu in visceral mass than that in other tissues(P<0.05),without significant difference in other four tissues(P>0.05).There was significantly higher Zn content in the adductor than that in other tissues.Fe content was found significantly higher in visceral mass and gill than that in the gonad,adductor and mantle.The order of Mn content in every tissue was ranged as the following: gill > adductor muscle > gonad > visceral mass > mantle.The distribution of Pb in the tissues was followed by: visceral mass > adductor muscle > gonad > mantle > gill.Cd content in the visceral mass was found to account for 67% of the total amount in the scallop,significantly higher than that in other tissues.High contents of Cu,Fe,Pb and Cd were observed in the visceral mass which only accounted for 10% of the scallop biomass,especially for Cu(71% of the total heavy metal amount) and Cd(67% of the total heavy metal amount),indicating that the visceral mass should be abandoned when the scallop is consumed for safety and nutritional value.