恶臭假单胞菌XP12对拟除虫菊酯类农药的酶促降解特性及其应用研究

试验选用使用量较大、毒性较强、不易自然降解的高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯作为参试农药,对一株能高效降解拟除虫菊酯类农药的恶臭假单胞菌XP12进行深入的研究,以期了解该菌株在拟除虫菊酯类农药的生物降解体系中酶的分布特征、酶促降解的动力学特征.结果表明:对拟除虫菊酯类农药起催化作用的酶属于组成型胞内酶,反应pH值为6.5～8.0时,降解酶对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯的降解率都在70%左右,最适反应pH值为7.5:反应温度在25～40℃时,降解率在70%以上,最适反应温度为30℃.在最适反应pH和温度条件下,降解酶粗酶液对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯的Km分别为42,78、50.64和77.90 nmol/mL,Vmax分别为12.05、10.31和16.39 nmol/min.粗酶液在叶类蔬菜上拟除虫菊酯类农药的降解也有明显效果,对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯的降解率分别为93.3%、85.2%、83.5%.

Pseudomonas Putida XP12's enzymatic degradation in pyrethroid pesticides and its application study

The experiment adopts Beta-cypermethrin,Deltamethrin and Cyhalothrin,which are widely used,highly toxic and hard to be degraded,as trial pesticides and further studies a strain of Pseudomonas Putida XP12,which can effectively degrade Pyrethroid Pesticides,to get to know enzymatic distribution of this strain in biodegradation system of Pyrethroid Pesticides and dynamic characteristics of enzymatic degradation.The result proves that the enzyme,which has catalysis in Pyrethroid Pesticides,is a kind of constitu...