南糯山古树红茶香气化合物的组分研究

[目的]探明南糯山古树红茶香气组分及其含量。[方法]以南糯山古茶树芽叶为原料,按红茶工艺流程,制成工夫红茶样品。采用同时蒸馏-萃取（SDE）法提取南糯山古树红茶挥发性组分进行气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析,根据谱库标准质谱图进行比对定性,并采用内标法对香气组分进行定量。[结果]南糯山古树红茶精油总量为0.015 780%,香气组分由醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、酸类、吡咯类、碳氢化合物7类49种化合物组成,其中,醇类（14种）化合物含量最高,占精油总量的59.94%,其次为酸类（5种）、醛类（8种）化合物,分别占精油总量的15.44%、13.30%。植醇、L-芳樟醇及其氧化物、正十六酸、反-2-己烯醛、反式香叶醇、苯乙醛、水杨酸甲酯、顺,顺,顺-8,11,14-二十碳酸、苯乙醇、苯甲醇是南糯山古树红茶香气的主要组分,占精油总量的88.09%。[结论]该研究为茶树种质资源古树茶的评价提供了理论参考。

Study on Aromatic Components of Ancient Trees Black Tea in Nannuoshan

[Objective] The paper explored aromatic components of ancient trees black tea and it's content in Nannuoshan.[Method] The raw materials came from shoots of ancient tea trees in Nannuoshan.The manufactured samples of Gongfu black tea was based on technological process of black tea.The volatile components of ancient trees black tea were extracted through simultaneous distillation-extraction methods(SDE methods) in Nannuoshan to analyze gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The comparative quality and quantitation of aromatic components adopted standard mass spectrum of the spectral library and internal standard methods respectively.[Result] The content of total volatile oil of ancient trees black tea was 0.015 780% in Nannuoshan.The aroma was composed by 49 compounds,namely,7 classes: alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,esters,acids,pyrroles and hydrocarbons.Hereinto,the content of alcohols(14 species) compounds was the highest,which accounted for 59.94% of total aromatic oil contents.Followed by acids(5 species) and aldehydes(8 species) compounds what accounted for 15.44% and 13.30% of total aromatic oil contents respectively.The main aromatic components of ancient trees black tea were phytol,L-linalool,n-hexadecanoic acid,trans-2-hexenal,trans-geraniol,benzeneacetaldehyde,methyl salicylate,Z,Z,Z-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid,phenylethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol in Nannuoshan.It accounted for 88.09% of total aromatic oil.[Conclusion] The research aimed to provide a theoretical reference basis for the evaluation of germplasm resources of ancient trees tea.