红毛菜的超微结构

以产于福建莆田的人工栽培红毛菜为材料,对红毛菜原叶体、原孢子、果孢子、营养藻丝及孢子囊枝进行了超微结构观察.观察结果较完整地展示了红毛菜各生长细胞及组织的超微结构.研究发现红毛菜原叶体的生长发育及构造变化与生殖细胞的发生形成相关,本文描述了原叶体生长发展与无性生殖细胞发生的关系及特征.研究结果还表明,该类植物具有星状色素体和蛋白核,显示红毛菜亚纲植物特有的色素体结构;原叶体细胞色素体无围周类囊体,细胞之间无纹孔连丝,具原始红藻特征;营养藻丝细胞间有纹孔连丝,色素体具围周类囊体,表现真红藻特征;孢子囊枝细胞色素体无围周类囊体,细胞间有纹孔连丝,与原叶体、丝状体营养藻丝既有相同处又有不同之处,显示红毛菜亚纲、真红藻亚纲两纲特点.

Ultrastructure characteristics of Bangia sp. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)

Abstract: Bangia sp. was collected from the cultivated population in Putian (Fujian province, China). It had a typical biphasic life history with alternation between a gametophytic phase (thallus) and a sporophytic phase (conchocelis). Both sexual and asexual reproductive modes presented in this Bangia population. The ultrastructural characteristics of the gametophytic vegetative cells, archeospores, carpospores, vegetative conchocelis cells and conchosporangial cells were investigated. The results indicated that the growth and development of the gametophytic phase are related to the reproductive unit formation. There were plenty of Floridean starch granules and 7-42 thylakoids containing phycobilisomes in the vegetative gamtophytic cells. During archeospore formation, floridean starch granules broke down and few thylakoids irregularly arranged were observed. Mitochondria were spherical or elliptical and were situated peripherally in the cell. Carpospores were naked and could make ameboid movements as they were just released. Floridean starch granules were distinct and disintegrated. The numbers of phycobilisome, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole, fibrillar visicle and core visicle increased in carpospores. Mitochondria were located peripherally or around the nucleolus and most were dumbbell-shaped. There were most 8 thylakoids in carpospores and the peripheral thylakoids were not present. In conclusion, both phases contain stellate chromotophore and pyrenoid, showing the Bangiophycidae characteristics. The gametophytic phase lacks plugged pit-connections and peripheral thylakoids, indicating the Bangiophyccidae characteristics, while the vegetative conchocelis has plugged pit-connections and peripheral thylakoids, showing the Florideophycidae characteristics. The conchosporangial branches have plugged pit-connection and lack peripheral thylakoids and may serve as a link between the two phases.