不同土壤水分条件下冬小麦根系分布规律研究

为了探讨不同土壤水分条件下冬小麦根系在土壤深度中的分布规律,为精细化农田灌溉提供技术支撑.采用池栽定量灌溉的方法,在冬小麦的几个主要生长发育期进行0～10 cm,10～20 cm,20～30 cm土壤层次的根系鲜重、干重测定并计算不同层次土壤中的根系占整个根系干重的百分数.结果表明0～10cm土壤中根干重占总重80％以上,10～20cm土壤中根干重占总重10％以上,20～30cm土壤中根干重占总重5％左右.小穗型品种山农20根干重顺序孕穗期是轻度干旱＞水分过量、干旱和适宜水分,开花期是适宜水分＞轻度干旱＞水分过量＞干旱.大穗型品种山农21根干重顺序孕穗期是适宜水分＞水分过量＞轻度干旱＞干旱,开花期是适宜水分＞水分过量＞轻度干旱＞干旱.在干旱型生产上多采用小穗型品种,根系强大,可减轻干旱危害,小麦全生育期生产上以灌溉水为宜.

Winter Wheat Root System Distribution under Different Soil Moisture Conditions

To explore the winter wheat root system under different soil moisture conditions for provide technical support for the refinement of farmland irrigation. Adopt the method of quantitative irrigation, fresh and dry root weight and its proportion of winter wheat in diffferent layers such as 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 15 cm, 20- 30 cm in several major growth periods. The results showed that the soil layer were 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20--30 cm, the dry root weight were over 80% ,10% , 5% of the total weight. Small panicle type variety shannong20 in booting stage, root dry weight order were mild drought, excess moisture, drought and appropriate moisture. In flowering period root dry weight order were appropriate moisture, excess moisture, mild drought, appropriate moisture, drought. Root dry weight order of large panicle varieties sharmong21 in booting stage were ap- propriate moisture, excess moisture, mild drought, drought. Root dry weight order in flowering period were appropriate mois- ture, excess moisture, mild drought, drought. In the production of dryland tilalge, the small panicle type variety was priority, which had large root system, it can reduce drought disaster, while wheat production in the whole stages with twice irrigation was proposed.