社区为基础的自然资源管理(CBNRM)方法的制度化——基于贵州省长顺县凯佐乡的实践

CBNRM是一种积极的、社区为主体的参与式方法,旨在可持续地利用自然资源的同时又关注社区生计发展,是实现农村人口、资源与环境可持续发展的策略。CBNRM方法的制度化是将CBNRM的方法/工具、理念以及基本原则在社区或社区组织和政府体系内推广,并使之最终成为他们日常工作和行为的规范。研究和实践表明,横向推广和纵向推广相结合,研究、培训和倡导手段并用是CBNRM方法制度化的有效方法和策略。然而目前CBNRM方法的推广应用还面临诸多限制,制定一套与之相适应的相关政策和措施是促进CBNRM方法应用并取得预期效果的根本保障。

Institutionalizing Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) Approach: Insights from Scaling up CBNRM Approach in Kaizuo Township of Changshun County, Guizhou Province

CBNRM is a people-centered participatory resource management approach aiming at achieving sustainable use of local natural resource and at the same time promoting local livelihood improvement.Therefore,it is an effective strategy for sustainable development of population,natural resource and environment.Institutionalization of CBNRM approach is a process of integrating the principles and practice of CBNRM into the regular activities of the community organizations and government system through which these new ideas and practice become their daily behavioral norm.It is indicated that combination of horizontal scaling up and vertical scaling up,together with participatory action research,training and advocacy is an effective method and strategy of institutionalizing CBNRM approach.There are at present many factors limiting the application of CBNRM approach.It is a key to formulate a set of related policies and measures that are suitable to promoting CBNRM application and achieving expected outcomes.