添加尿素对甘蔗梢青贮的影响

目的]通过对退役水牛饲喂添加尿素青贮甘蔗梢的研究,为提高甘蔗梢的利用提供依据。方法]甘蔗梢直接青贮和添加尿素青贮,并进行常规营养成分和纤维的进行分析,同时实施退役水牛育肥试验。结果]表明：①直接青贮的甘蔗梢pH值为3.9,添加尿素青贮的pH值为4.1,两者均达到优质标准;②添加尿素青贮后,粗蛋白（CP）和粗脂肪（EE）含量提高了103.8%和41.4%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;粗灰分（Ash）提高了7.7%,无氮浸出物（NFE）降低了8.4%,差异显著（P〈0.05）;中性洗涤不溶粗蛋白（NDICP）、酸性洗涤不溶蛋白（ADICP）和酸不溶灰分（AIA）分别提高了9.8%、14%和27%,非纤维性碳水化合物（NFC）降低了13%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、纤维素（C）、半纤维素（HC）分别降低了4.1%、3.6%和8.7%,差异显著（P〈0.05）;③在不补饲精料条件下,对退役水牛饲喂直接青贮的甘蔗梢,平均日增重（ADG）仅为33 g;饲喂添加尿素青贮甘蔗梢,ADG得到了极显著的提高,为764 g,（P〈0.01）;每头每天再补给0.5 kg肉牛浓缩料和2.0 kg、4.0 kg精料补充料,ADG分别达到941 g和1 142 g、1 427 g,差异极显著（P〈0.01）。结论]添加尿素青贮甘蔗梢能有效降低粗纤维含量,提高消化利用率;饲喂添加尿素青贮甘蔗梢育肥退役水牛,日增重显著高于直接青贮甘蔗梢的饲喂效果。

Influences of the Quality of Sugarcane Tip Silage by Adding Urea

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to improve the quality of sugarcane tip silage and its nutritional value by the ways of adding urea to sugarcane tip silage,which was to make full use and exploit sugarcane tip and provide some information for beef industry.【Methods】By directly silage and adding urea,the conventional nutrients compositions and fibrin of sugarcane tip silage were analyzed while fattening retired draft Dehong buffalo.【Results】The results indicated that： 1） High quality silage could be made by the two different methods,of which pH values were 3.9 and 4.1.2） Treated by adding urea to sugarcane tip silage,the contents of CP and EE of sugarcane tip silage by 103.8% and 41.4%（P〈0.01）;the contents of ash was significantly increased by 7.7%,while the NFE was significantly decreased by 8.4%（P〈0.05）;NDICP、ADICP and AIA were significantly increased by 9.8%、14% and 27%,while the NFC was significantly decreased by 13%（P〈0.01）;NDF、C and HC were significantly decreased by 4.1%、3.6% and 8.7%（P〈0.05）,respectively.3） Feeding sugarcane tip silage diet without urea to retired Dehong buffalo,the average daily gain（ADG） was merely 33 g which was significantly lower than the ADG（764 g） instead of feeding sugarcane tip silage diet added urea（P〈0.01）.Moreover,the ADGs were 941 g,1142 g and 1427 g with additional 0.5 kg/d·herd beef concentrate,2.0 kg/d·herd and 4.0 kg/d·herd concentrate supplement revealing significant weight gain（P〈0.01）,respectively.【Conclusion】Sugarcane tip was potential for silage with high quality roughage to the ruminants.Adding urea to sugarcane tip silage,it availably reduced the crude fiber content and improved digestibility of sugarcane tip;then,feeding the sugarcane tip silage diet added urea to retired buffalo,the ADG and economic benefit were higher than those of feeding directly sugarcane tip silage.