Dietary amino acid <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">l</Emphasis>-threonine requirement of fingerling Indian catfish, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Heteropneustes fossilis</Emphasis> (Bloch) estimated by growth and biochemical parameters |
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Authors: | Imtiaz Ahmed |
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Institution: | (1) Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India;(2) P.G. Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India |
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Abstract: | An eight-week feeding experiment was conducted to quantify the dietary threonine requirement of young catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (9.20 ± 0.85 cm, 3.60 ± 0.45 g) using isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets 40% crude protein (CP); 4.28 kcal g/100 g, gross
energy (GE)] containing casein, gelatin and l-crystalline amino acids. Six dietary treatments supplemented with graded levels of l-threonine (0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50 and 1.75 g per 100 g, dry diet), in gradations of 0.25 g per 100 g dry diet were
formulated. Fish were randomly stocked, in triplicate groups, in 55-l indoor polyvinyl flow-through circular tanks and fed
experimental diets at 4% of their body weight divided over two equal feedings at 08:00 and 16:00 hours. Feeding schedule and
ration size were worked out prior to the start of the feeding trial. Live weight gain (263%), feed conversion ratio (FCR)
(1.35) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) (1.85) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fish fed a diet containing 1.25% dietary threonine. However, second-degree polynomial regression analysis of live
weight gain, FCR, PER and body protein deposition data indicated the dietary threonine requirement to be 1.37, 1.26, 1.23
and 1.24 g per 100 g of dry diet, respectively. Whole-body moisture decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with the increase of dietary concentration up to 1.25%. A significantly (P < 0.05) higher protein content was evident in fish fed a diet containing 1.25% threonine. Body fat increased significantly
(P < 0.05) with the increase of dietary concentration and was found to be highest at a 1.75% threonine concentration. A significantly
(P < 0.05) higher ash content was reported at the 0.50 and 0.75% threonine levels. Body protein deposition was also found to
be significantly (P < 0.05) higher at the 1.25% threonine level, followed by the 1.50% threonine level. Based on these results, it is recommended
that the diet for fingerling H. fossilis should contain threonine at a level of 1.27 g per 100 g of dry diet, corresponding to 3.17 g per 100 g of dietary protein
for optimum growth and efficient feed utilization. No mortality was observed during the experiment. |
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Keywords: | Amino acid threonine requirement H fossilis Growth Body composition |
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