叶面喷施硼肥对苦荞根际土壤养分、植株生长及产量的影响

目的]探讨叶面喷施硼肥对苦荞植株形态及产量的影响,为制定苦荞合理施肥技术措施提供参考依据.方法]以苦荞品种晋荞2号为试验材料,在现蕾期喷施不同浓度(12、24和48 mg/L)的硼肥水溶液,以喷施等量清水为对照,测定并分析苦荞根际土壤养分含量、成熟期苦荞根系形态和农艺性状指标及产量.结果]随施硼量的增加,成熟期苦荞根际土壤的速效氮含量先升高后降低再升高,速效磷含量先降低后升高再降低,速效钾含量和pH整体上呈降低趋势,有机质含量整体上呈升高趋势.叶面喷施一定浓度的硼肥溶液有助于苦荞根系的伸长,增加苦荞的株高、子叶节高度、主茎节数和主茎分枝数,进而提高其产量.当硼肥喷施浓度为12 mg/L时,苦荞的根长(137.06 cm)、株高(124.50 cm)、主茎分枝数(8.33个)和产量(1416.042 kg/ha)达最大值.相关性分析结果表明,苦荞的株高与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01).结论]叶面喷施不同浓度的硼肥水溶液对苦荞植株形态及产量均有一定影响,现蕾期喷施12 mg/L浓度硼肥有利于苦荞的生长,可显著提高产量.

Effects of foliar application of boron fertilizer on rhizosphere soil nutrient,plant growth and yield of tartary buckwheat

Objective]Effects of foliar spraying boron fertilizer on plant morphology and yield of tartary buckwheat were studied in order to provide reference for formulating rational fertilization technology of tartary buckwheat.Method]Tartary buckwheat variety Jinqiao No.2 was used as material.Boron fertilizer solutions with various concentrations(12,24 and 48 mg/L)were sprayed at squaring stage,and clear water of equal amount was set as control.Rhizosphere soil nutrient content,root morphology,agronomic traits and yield at mature stage were determined and analyzed.Result]With the in-crease of boron content,the content of available nitrogen in rhizosphere soil of mature tartary buckwheat went through a up-down-up variation,and content of available phosphorus went through a down-up-down variation.Available potassium and pH were in decreasing trend,but organic matter content was in increasing trend.Foliar spraying boron fertilizer solu-tion with certain concentration contributed to the elongation of tartary buckwheat roots and increasing plant height,cotyle-donary node height,node number of main stem and branche number of main stem,thereby increasing its yield. Root length(137.06 cm),plant height(124.50 cm),branch number of main stem(8.33 branches)and yield(1416.042 kg/ha) of tartary buckwheat reached the maximum when boron fertilizer was sprayed at a concentration of 12 mg/L.Correlation analysis showed that there was extremely significant positive correlation between plant height and yield of tartary buck-wheat(P<0.01).Conclusion]Foliar spraying of boron fertilizer solution with various concentrations has certain influence on plant morphology and yield of tartary buckwheat.Application of 12 mg/L boron fertilizer at squaring stage is beneficial to growth of tartary buckwheat and can significantly increase the yield.