塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区的风动力环境

输沙势是衡量一个地区风沙活动强弱的重要参数。为了更好地了解塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区的沙粒运移状况,为沙尘暴预防与治理提供科学依据,通过地表土壤湿度修订出每个月的临界起沙风速以替代以往的一个经验值,进而以塔中气象站所提供的2006—2012年风速和风向数据为基础,研究了塔中地区的输沙势分布特征。结果表明:(1)起沙风风向主要分布在ENE,NE及E这3个方向上。(2)输沙势主要集中在春夏季。春季年平均合成输沙势分别为71.3VU,合成方向为31°;夏季年平均合成输沙势为59.7VU,合成方向为70.7°;冬季最小,合成输沙势仅为1VU。(3)春、夏、秋、冬方向变率指数都相对较大,说明塔中地区的风况较为单一。(4)春、夏、秋、冬4个季节的输沙势主要集中在ENE,NE及E这3个方向上。

Wind Power Environment of Tazhong Area in Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

Drift potential is an important parameter to measure the strength of sand activities in an area. In order to understand sand particle migration in Tazhong area located in the Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, and to provide scientific reference for the prevention and control of sandstorm in the area, threshold sand-moving wind speed was revised to replace the previous empirical value through monthly surface soil moisture, and then the distribution of drift potential in the area was studied based on the meteorological data of Tazhong area from 2006 to 2012, including wind speed and direction. Results are as follows: (1) Sand-moving wind was mainly distributed in the ENE, NE and E directions. (2) The drift potential was mainly distributed in spring and summer. The seasonal resultant drift potential in spring was 71.3 VU and the resultant direction was 31°; in summer it was 59.7 VU and the resultant direction was 70.7°; and in winter, the resultant drift potential was least, only 1 VU. (3) The ratio of resultant drift potential to drift potential was relatively high in four seasons, showing that the wind regime was single in Tazhong area. (4) The drift potential was mainly distributed in the ENE, NE and E directions in four seasons.