基于EOD模式的田园综合体碳平衡初步研究

中国正在不断推进农村绿色经济转型与乡村振兴战略，田园综合体等各种以生态环境为导向的农业开发模式是乡村振兴建设的新途径，驱动农业固碳减排的同时，也带动着传统农业不断向现代农业发展的转变。以EOD（Ecology-Oriented-Development，生态环境导向的开发）模式的上海市金山区枫泾镇郊野村庄田园综合体为研究对象，在现场调研与数据统计的基础上，分析了园区内的碳输入和碳输出以及碳在园内各区域间的流动和储积；同时，根据碳源和碳汇清单和估算结果，分析了田园综合体各区的碳平衡特点。结果显示，上海市金山区郊野村庄田园综合体2021年碳平衡表现为净碳汇区，净碳汇量为152.09 tC，其中排放量为588.79 tC，碳固定量为740.88 tC。田园综合体内，作物种植区通过低碳有机种植模式成为净碳汇量最大的区域，净碳汇量185.76 tC；水产养殖区通过高效的水草多级循环利用模式净碳汇量达62.20 tC；高空间利用率的立体农业区因农肥的碳排放量大表现为碳源区，净碳汇量为-10.81 tC；生产生活区是最大的碳源区，净碳汇量达-85.05 tC，人类文旅活动是其中最大的碳排放源。分析结合该田园综合体的碳流动，提出了发展高物质循环利用率、高空间利用率、低碳有机种植模式和农业科学管理四个农业降碳增汇的方向。

Carbon Balance in Pastoral Complex Based on EOD Model

China is continuously promoting the transformation of rural green economy and rural revitalization strategy, and various ecology-oriented agricultural development models such as the pastoral complexes are new ways of rural revitalization construction, driving the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture development while driving the carbon sequestration and emission reduction in agriculture. Taking the EOD (Ecology-Oriented-Development) model of the pastoral complex in Fengjing Township, Jinshan District, Shanghai as the research object, based on on-site research and data statistics, the carbon input and output in the park, as well as the flow and storage of carbon among various areas in the garden, were analyzed; meanwhile, based on the carbon source and sink inventories and At the same time, the carbon balance characteristics of each zone in the pastoral complex were analyzed based on the carbon source and sink inventories and estimation results. The results show that the carbon balance of the pastoral complex in Jinshan District, Shanghai in 2021 is a net carbon sink area, with a net carbon sink of 152.09 tC, including emissions of 588.79 tC and carbon fixation of 740.88 tC. Within the pastoral complex, the crop cultivation area is the largest net carbon sink area through low-carbon organic cultivation mode, with a net carbon sink of 185.76 tC. The aquaculture area has a net carbon sink of 62.20 tC through the efficient multi-stage water and grass recycling model; the stereoscopic agriculture area with a high spatial utilization rate is the carbon source area with a net carbon sink of -10.81 tC due to the significant carbon emission from agricultural fertilizers; the production and living area is the largest carbon source area with a net carbon sink of -85.05 tC, and human cultural and tourism activities are the largest carbon emission source. The analysis combines the carbon flow of this pastoral complex. It proposes four directions of agricultural carbon reduction and sink increase by developing high material recycling rate, high spatial utilization rate, low carbon organic planting mode, and agricultural science management.