食用菌菌糠对保护地土壤的改良效果

目的]探讨食用菌菌糠对蔬菜保护地土壤的改良效果。方法]用平菇菌糠作底肥,以番茄玛瓦为材料,于2002～2005年设计0(对照)、5、10、15、20 kg/15 m2 5个施肥处理,测定土壤的主要理化性质和番茄产量。结果]与对照相比,施用菌糠后蔬菜保护地有机质增加0.7%～23.2%,全氮增加4.3%～57.1%,速效磷增加22.3%～170.8%,速效钾提高9.0%～64.0%,番茄产量增加1.5%～20.3%。20kg/15 m2处理的番茄产量极显著高于其他处理,5 kg/15 m2处理与对照的番茄产量无显著差异。结论]施用菌糠能够有效地增加保护地土壤有机质、速效磷和速效钾的含量,提高土壤肥力,增加蔬菜产量,对蔬菜的长期生产极为有利。

Research on the Improvement Effect of Germ Bran from Edible Fungi Culture on the Soil in Protected Land

Objective] The purpose of the study was to discuss the improvement effect of germ bran from edible fungi culture on the soil in vegetable-protective land.Method] With the germ bran from Pleurotus ostreatus culture as base fertilizer,tomato variety Melvin R2F1 as material,5 treatments with germ bran at 0(CK),5,10,15 and 20 kg/15m2 were designed to determine the main physicochemical properties of soil and tomato yield in 2002~2005.Result] Compared with CK,in the vegetable-protective land applied germ bran,the organic matter increased 0.7 %~23.2 %,the total nitrogen increased 4.3 %～57.1 %,the available phosphorous increased 22.3 %～170.8 %,the available potassium enhanced 9.0 %~64.0 % and the tomato yield increased 1.5%～20.3 %.The tomato yield in the treatment with germ bran at 20 kg/15 m2 was extremely significantly higher than that in the other treatments.The tomato yield in the treatment with germ bran at 5 kg/15 m2 had no significant difference from that in CK.Conclusion] The application of germ bran could increase the organic matter,available phosphorous and potassium contents in soil,enhance soil fertility and increase vegetable yield in protected land effectively and was very in favor of the long-term production of vegetable.