新疆杏品种杏仁油提取率的研究

目的]研究新疆杏品种杏仁油提取率,为新疆杏仁资源的开发利用以及杏仁油的生产加工提供理论依据.方法]以新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃的杏品种为原料,采用索氏提取法对提取率较高、产量较大的小白杏进行单因素和正交试验,研究了提取剂、料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度、浸提次数对小白杏杏仁油提取率的影响.结果]得出杏仁油的最佳提取条件是:提取剂为三氯甲烷、料液比为1:12、浸提温度为80 ℃、浸提时间为180 min、浸提次数为2.结论]最佳试验提取条件下,小白杏、佳娜丽、有毛小五月杏、莎车洪续克、大尤佳杏仁油提取率分别为72.67;、82.99;、69.78;、65.50;、70.74;.

A Study on Extraction Rates of Almond Oil of Apricot Cultivars in Xinjiang

【Objective】In this paper the extraction rates of almond oil of different kinds of apricot cultivars in Xinjiang were studied which provided theoretical basis for the exploitation of Xinjiang apricot resources and almond oil production.【Method】The almond oil was extracted by different apricot cultivars coming from Luntai Furit Tree Garden,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science by using Soxhlet extraction method and the single factor and orthogonal experiment design was used to study the optimization extraction conditions of Xiaobaixing almond.The influences of extraction solvent,ratio of solid to liquid,extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of Xiaobaixing almond oil were studied.【Result】The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction agent was trichloromethane,the ratio of solid to liquid was 1∶12,temperature 80℃,extraction time 180min and extraction times 2 times.【Conclusion】The extraction rates of almond oil of Dayoujia,Jianali,Youmaoxiao,Wuyuexing and Shachehongxuke were 72.67%,82.99%,69.78%,65.50%,70.74% respectively under the optimum extraction conditions.