红碱淖湖泊近50年来的环境变化分析——以湖泊沉积记录数据为依据

对红碱淖湖泊短钻岩芯沉积物进行了粒度、碳酸盐以及有机质含量等环境代用指标分析,恢复了红碱淖近50年以来的环境变化过程。依据红碱淖湖泊沉积记录,可以将红碱淖过去50年的环境变化大致划分为两大阶段：第一阶段（A阶段,1957～1996年）,湖泊环境变化的影响因素以自然因素为主,又经历了迅速扩张（A1阶段,1957～1969年）、基本稳定（A2阶段,1969～1990年）和渐趋萎缩（A3阶段,1990～1996年）3个亚阶段。A1阶段：这个时期粘粒和粉沙含量变化不明显,但粗颗粒含量减少、平均粒径变细,有机质含量在波动中上升,另外,这期间的TOC含量总体上略有上升。TOC含量的变化,除与碳酸盐含量的变化呈极好的负相关外,与平均粒径的变化也呈一定的负相关关系,平均粒径较细时TOC含量也较高。A2阶段：这一时期平均粒径值较稳定（1983～1984年除外）,各粒径含量虽然仍呈波动性变化,但没有明显的增减趋势;TOC与碳酸盐仍呈负相关关系,二者含量较A1阶段均略有增加。A3阶段：入湖颗粒中粉沙、粗颗粒含量均下降,以粘土为主,平均粒径减小,碳酸盐含量增加、有机质含量减少,说明气候偏干,流域生产力下降、入湖径流减少,水动力较弱,湖泊萎缩,面积减小。第二阶段（B阶段,1996～2005年）,湖泊面积缩小,但指标中碳酸盐含量减少,有机质含量快速增加,指示湖泊沉积环境受人类活动影响强烈,碳酸盐保存条件发生改变,碳酸盐含量在这种情况下已不能指示湖泊环境变化。

Environmental Changes Analysis of Hongjiannao Lake During Recent Fifty Years-Based on the Data of Lake Sediments

Particle size, the contents of carbonate and TOC were analyzed on lake sediments from a short core in Hongjiannao Lake to discuss the environmental changes during the past decades. On the basis of the records in lake sediments and comparison with the meteorological data of Yulin region, the environmental changes in Hongjiannao Lake were approximately divided into two stages. In stage A （1957 -1996）, the lake evolution and the environmental change were mainly influenced by natural factors. It contains three sub-stages： A1 （1957-1969）, a period of lake expansion, A2 （1969-1990）, a stable period with high lake levels, and A3 （1990 -1996）, a period of gradual extraction of the lake. In stage B （1996 -2005）, the lake area still keeps diminishing. During this period, organic matter increased rapidly due to the input of nutrient elements in the catchment. The carbonate content, however, decreased. As the precipitation was decreasing and the temperature was increasing, the decrease of carbonate content could not be explained by either temperature or precipitation change.