新疆平原非灌区自然植被生态耗水量的计算

本文以新疆平原非灌区为研究区域,该区域自然植被主要依靠汲取浅层地下水来满足其对水分的需求。通过TM卫星影像处理、水文地质调查手段查明了研究区域内各流域的包气带岩性、浅层地下水埋深和自然植被分布面积及覆盖率,应用GIS技术划定计算单元,利用典型地下水均衡试验场潜水蒸发蒸腾试验资料确定各计算单元的潜水蒸发系数和植被系数,进而计算出现状条件下研究区域自然植被生态耗水量为63.7762×108m3/a。

Calculation of Ecological Water Use of Natural Vegetation in Non-irrigated Area of Xinjiang

In non-irrigated area of Xinjiang plain,natural vegetation in the area maily draw shallow groundwater to meet the water demand.Using the landsat TM images of Agust,2000 and hydrogeological investigation of April to August,2003,the research determined the soil texture of vadose zone,the water table of shallow groundwater and natural vegetation distribution area and covered rate of every county or municipality.The calculation units were classified by using the GIS techniques.The coefficient of phreatic evaporation and vegetation coefficient of evaporation from groundwater in every calculation units were given based on the data of the typical phreatic evaporation observation satation.Ecological water use of natural vegetation in the study area is 63.7762×10~(8)m~(3)/a.