4种野牡丹科植物的干旱胁迫研究

为了探究野牡丹科(Melastomataceae)植物的抗旱能力，以‘超群’野牡丹(Melastoma ‘Chaoqun’)、‘云彩’野牡丹(Melastoma‘Yuncai’)、大果野牡丹(M.ultramaficum)和银毛野牡丹(Tibouchina aspera var.asperrima)为材料，采用人工模拟自然干旱胁迫试验，测量干旱胁迫期间的土壤含水量和光合特性参数，采用隶属函数分析法进行干旱胁迫评价. 结果表明，随着干旱胁迫时间的增加，土壤含水量均呈持续下降的趋势，4 种野牡丹科植物都出现了叶片萎蔫脱落的现象，净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率随干旱胁迫的加剧均呈下降趋势，而水分利用效率和气孔限制值则呈上升趋势.隶属函数分析结果表明， 4种野牡丹的抗旱能力依次为银毛野牡丹＞‘超群’野牡丹＞‘云彩’野牡丹＞大果野牡丹.

Study on drought resistance of 4 species of melastomaceae

In order to explore the drought resistance of Melastomaceae， using Melastoma ‘Chaoqun’, Melastoma ‘Yuncai’, M. ultramaficum and Tibouchina aspera var. asperrima as materials, Artificial simulation of natural drought stress experiments were set to measure soil water content and photosynthetic characteristic parameters during drought stress, and the membership function analysis method was used for drought resistance evaluation. The results showed that with the increase of drought stress time, the soil water content showed a continuous downward trend, and the leaf wilted and shed in 4 species of Melastomaceae. As the drought stress intensified, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate all showed a downward trend, while the water use efficiency and stomatal limit values showed an upward trend. The results of membership function analysis showed that the drought resistance of 4 species of Melastomaceae was in the order of T.aspera var. asperrima>Melastoma ‘Chaoqun’> Melastoma ‘Yuncai’> M. ultramaficum.