不同氮量处理配施宛氏拟青霉提取物对小白菜生长和氮素吸收的影响

为探究氮肥配施宛氏拟青霉（Paecilomyces variotii）提取物（ZNC）对大田小白菜生长和氮素吸收的影响,为小白菜的高效生产提供技术参考和理论依据。以小白菜品种“秀青”为材料,不施氮肥（CK）为对照,设置配施清水组减施1/3氮（240kg/hm²,2/3 U）、正常施氮（360kg/hm²,U）和增施1/3氮（480kg/hm²,4/3 U）,及对应配施ZNC组（2/3 UZ、UZ、4/3 UZ）,共7个处理。结果表明,氮肥与ZNC配施存在耦合互作效应。在减施和常规氮水平下,2/3 UZ和UZ分别较2/3 U和U处理鲜重增加10.49~27.75%,产量提高10.51%~19.63%,氮素农学效率和氮肥偏生产力分别增高38.72%~54.62%和10.49%~19.62%,净收益增加0.42万~0.90万元/hm²。与U处理相比,2/3 UZ氮素农学效率和氮肥偏生产力分别提高37.75%和45.59%,产量和净收益未显著降低。综上,在减施1/3氮和正常施氮水平下配施ZNC较清水对照可提高氮素农学效率和氮肥偏生产力,实现增产增效;2/3 UZ与U产量相当,但氮素农学效率和氮肥偏生产力均较U处理显著提高,达到减肥增效目的。

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates Combined with Extracts of Paecilomyces variotii(ZNC) on Growth and Nitrogen Uptake of Pakchoi

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Paecilomyces variotii extract (ZNC) on the growth and nitrogen absorption of pakchoi in the field, in order to provide technical reference and theoretical basis for the energy saving and efficient production of pakchoi. For pakchoi variety “Xiuqing”, with no nitrogen fertilizer (CK) as control, the water treatment group was set to reduce 1/3 nitrogen (240kg/ha) (2/3 U), normal nitrogen (360kg/ha) (U) and increase 1/3 nitrogen (480kg/ha) (4/3 U), and ZNC group (2/3 UZ, UZ, 4/3 UZ), a total of seven treatments were used. The results showed that there was a coupling interaction between nitrogen rate and ZNC. Compared with the treatments of 2/3 U and U, the fresh weight, yield, agronomic efficiency and partial productivity of 2/3 UZ and UZ increased by 10.49%-27.75%, 10.51%-19.63%, 38.72%-54.62% and 10.49%-19.62%, respectively, and the net income increased by 4200-9000 yuan/ha. Compared with U, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of 2/3 UZ were increased by 37.75% and 45.59% respectively, while production and net income did not decrease significantly. In conclusion, compared with the control, ZNC increased the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and partial nitrogen productivity, and achieved high yield and high efficiency; 2/3 UZ and U yield were equivalent, and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen partiality productivity were significantly improved, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of fertilizer but achieved increasing efficiency.