石质边坡乔灌草组合的适宜密度

为筛选适宜贵州喀斯特岩溶地区的乔灌草混播密度,加快人工建植后边坡植被的演替速度,于2014年5—12月在贵州大学实验农场苗圃地采用人工模拟边坡的试验,研究石质边坡初播物种的适宜密度。结果表明:1)乔灌木的萌发率受自身的播种量影响较小,而受草本植物播种量与二者的交互作用影响较大,5g/m~2的低密度草本植物播种量下乔灌木的萌发率最高;2)仅中、高密度乔灌木+低密度草本植物组合的幼苗株数能保持3~4株/m~2,其余组合的幼苗株数仅为1株/m~2或0株/m~2;3)从不同密度组合的乔灌草植株生长情况看,乔灌木的播种量及乔灌草播种密度间的交互作用仅对乔灌木的高度产生影响,草本植物的播种量对乔灌木的高度与草本植物的盖度影响较大;4)从植物的生长效果及节约播种成本方面考虑,B2H1(刺槐102粒/m~2+马棘102粒/m~2+火棘102粒/m~2+黑麦草1g/m~2+高羊茅1g/m~2+狗牙根1g/m~2+白三叶1g/m~2+苜蓿1g/m~2)组合作为边坡初播物种参考密度较为合适。

Suitable Density of Arbor-shurb-glass Combination on Rocky Slope

The suitable sowing density of first sowing species on rocky slope was studied by an artificial simulation slope test in the experiment farm of Guizhou University from May to December in 2014 to screen the suitable mixture sowing density of arbor,shrub and herb and speed up the succession speed of slope vegetation after planting artificial grassland in karst region,Guizhou.Results:1) The germination rate of arbor and shrub seeds is not influenced by the sowing amount obviously but influenced by the sowing amount of herb and interaction in sowing amount between arbor-shrub and herb significantly.The arbor-shrub germination rate reaches the highest under 5 g/m2 sowing amount of herbaceous plants.2) The seedling number of the combination with middle and high sowing amount of arbor-shrub + low sowing amount of herbaceous plants can keep 3～4 plants/m2 and the seedling number of the other combinations is only 1 plant/m2 or 0 plant/m2.3)The sowing amount of arbor-shrub and the interaction among sowing density of arbor,shrub and herb have the effect on height of arbor and shrub seedlings.The sowing amount of herbaceous plants has a great effect on height of arbor and shrub seedlings and coverage of herbaceous plants.4) The B2H1 combination (102 seeds/m2 Robinia pseudoacacia + 102 seeds/m2 Indigofera pseudotinctoria + 102 seeds/m2 Pyracantha fortuneana +1 g/m2 Lolium perenne + 1 g/m2 Festuca arundinacea + 1 g/m2 Cynodon dactylon + 1 g/m2 Trifolium repense + 1 g/m2 Medicago Satival can be used as the reference density of first sowing species on rocky slope according to plant growth effect and sowing cost.