秋水仙素和二甲基亚砜诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖的效应

在隔离区内，以矮败小麦轮回选择群体中的不育株为供试亲本，用秋水仙素（Ｃｏｌ）和二甲基亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）诱导孤雌生殖。结果表明，Ｃｏｌ和ＤＭＳＯ均具有诱导不育株孤雌生殖的作用，并且二者之间存在极显著的互作效应。同一药剂不同的诱导方法，其诱导效果有差异；小穗剪颖处理的孤雌生殖结实率较高；处理时间和套袋与否对孤雌生殖结实率影响不显著。孤雌生殖纯系在纯度和遗传稳定性方面均接近于对照品种（丰抗８号）。从遗传理论和育种实践的角度，讨论了药物诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖的可行性及在小麦育种中的应用价值

Inducing Effect of Colchicine and Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Parthenogenesis of Dwarfing Sterile Wheat

The male sterile plants of dwarfing sterile wheat planted in an isolation plot were chosen for research.Colchicine and dimethyl sulfoxide were taken as inducing agents. The results showed that (1)colchicine and dimethyl sulfoxide were effective for inducing parthenogenesis and the interaction between the two chemicals was very significant;(2)inducing effect varied with different methods;dropping the agents inside florets after cutting apiculi could increase inducing rate,but the inducing time and bagging spikes did not affect inducing rate.Genetic stability of the induced parthenogenesis lines was similar to check (Fengkang 8).The feasibility of inducing parthenogenesis of dwarfing sterile wheat with chemicals and its application value in wheat breeding were discussed from angles of genetic theory and breeding practice.