不同集材方式对森林土壤理化性质的影响

分析了常见集材方式（拖拉机、索道和滑道）对森林土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：①拖拉机集材严重改变了土壤的硬度、容重和通透性，使伐区有机质含量下降１０．４％；②索道集材的主沟内总孔隙度和有机质含量分别降低３．７％和３．６１４％，主沟外变化很小；③各类滑道对土壤的影响以塑料滑道最小，土滑道最大。为了减少集材作业对土壤的侵害，文章提出一些减少土壤侵害的技术措施。

Effect of Different Logging Systems on Phy chemcal properties of Forest Soil.

The effect of different logging systems,such as the tractor skidding,cable yarding and chutting on forest soil,were analysed.The results showed that tractor skidding seriously affected the hardness,bulk density and macropore space of the soil and hindered growth of woods,the organic matter was reduced by 10 4%,and that cable yarding created ditches and the macropore space and organic matter of soil in the main ditch were reduced by 3 7% and 3 614%,and that in all kinds of chutting,the effect of plastic chutting on the soil was least and the effct of soil chutting was largest.In order to reduce the disturbance of logging systems on the soil,some technical measures were gived.