西双版纳热带植物园主要种植园区太阳辐射特征比较研究

利用2008—2009年间太阳辐射观测资料,分析了西双版纳热带植物园主要种植园区太阳辐射的变化特征,得出其变化及能量分配的相关规律。研究结果表明:在各植物园区,太阳辐射各分量均呈现单峰性变化,中午出现最大值;在具有高大树木、遮蔽较大的种植园区,太阳辐射各分量日总量与旷地的比值较小,在仅有低矮树木的百果园,其比值较大;西双版纳热带植物园植物种植园区,其形成的植物群落结构对太阳辐射的作用已经与原生林或次生林相当,具有明显林下辐射的特征,为植物园进行植物的迁地保护提供了较为原始的森林环境,减少植物的人为驯化,最大程度地保证原物种的遗传特征;不同园区辐射特征对植物迁地保护种植区域的选择提供了依据。

Characteristics of solar radiation in main tropical plantations in the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, southwestern China

Data of solar radiation from 2008 to 2009 of the main plantations in the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, south western China, was used to reveal the radiation variation and energy distribution. The results showed that all components of the daily solar radiation reached a peak value at noon in all the plantations. Daily total radiation of the plantations with big trees was lower than that of open field, while the plantations with dwarf trees received more daily radiation. Compared with the local virgin or secondary forests, plantations in the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden had similar effects on solar radiation, which showed typical radiation characteristics under forest. Therefore, our botanical garden can provide a relatively wild environment for ex situ conservation of plant species, with less domestication by humans. The radiation characteristics in different plantations can also provide guides for selection of the regions suitable for ex situ conservation of plant species.