氮素对温室番茄果实发育及其氮吸收量的影响

为了探索华北地区连栋温室栽培条件下番茄水培适宜的氮素管理方法,试验设4个处理:N5(扭送素浓度5mmol/L)、N10、N15和N30。其他营养元素的浓度是根据华南农业大学番茄营养液配方配制。比较不同处理间番茄每克鲜果实形成干物质的量、果实鲜重与其直径的关系、植株积累的生物量、产量和氮吸收量等。试验结果表明,在一定范围内,随营养液中氮素浓度越大,果实中每克鲜物质形成的干物质越多。处理N5、N10和N15中,每克鲜果实形成的干物质量分别是0.0733g、0.0804g和0.1316g。继续增加营养液中氮素浓度,每克鲜果实形成的干物质量却降低了,处理N30仅为0.0913g。其他几个指标显示相同的趋势。4个处理中植株的总干重依次为189.1、293.9、734.1和488.2g/m2。产量依次为3.68、6.55、15.50和11.01kg/m2。果实每克干物质的氮吸收量分别是0.0231g、0.0237g、0.0242g和0.0235g。果实鲜重与其直径成幂指数关系,氮素浓度对果实鲜重与其直径的关系影响不大。因此,番茄水培适宜的氮素浓度为15mmol/L。

DEVELOPMENT OF TOMATO FRUIT AND NITROGEN UPTAKE AMOUNT WITH DIFFERENT NITROGEN CONCENTRATION IN GREENHOUSE

In order to study nitrogen management method of multispan greenhouse tomato in hydroponics in north of China,four treatments N5 (5mmol/L),N10,N15 and N30 were designed,dry matter amount formed,relationship between fresh weight and diameter of fruit,accumulative biomass of plant,yield and nitrogen uptake amount were investigated.Other nutrient elements concentrations were prepared according to the protocol of nutrient solution of Huanan Agricultural University.The results showed that dry matter formed from fresh matter of fruit improved with the increase of nitrogen concentration of nutrient solution within a certain limit.Dry matter amount formed from fresh matter of fruit per gram in the treatments of N5,N10 and N15 were 0.0733g,0.0804g and 0.1316g,respectively.But it decreased when nitrogen concentration of nutrient solution was increased,only 0.0913g in the treatment of N30.They showed similar trend in the other index.Total dry matter weight of plant in the four treatments of NS,N10,N15 and N30 were 189.1,293.9,734.1 and 488.2kg/m2,respectively.Yield of tomato in the four treatments were 3.68k,6.55k,15.50k and 11.01kg/m2,respectively.Nitrogen uptake amount of dry matter of fruit per gram in the four treatments were 0.0231g,0.0237g,0.0242g and 0.0235g,respectively.The relationship of fresh matter weight of tomato fruit and its diameter was power exponent form,and had a little effect on nitrogen concentration to their relationship.So proper nitrogen concentration of tomato for tomato growth in green house was 15 mmol/L in hydroponics.