新西兰辐射松的无性繁殖

新西兰的辐射松人工林举世闻名。辐射松的遗传改良和无性繁殖研究为发展辐射松起了巨大作用。本文扼要介绍了新西兰辐射松无性繁殖的研究历史、大规模应用的原困以及主要技术方法。

Vegetative Propagation of Pinus radiata D.Don in New Zealand

P.radiata plays a very important role in forest production in New Zealand.The National forest coverage is 27%,with an area of 7.4 million hm²,among which plantations occupy an area of 1.2 million hm².The area of P.radiata plantations is 88% of the national total, about 1.05 million hm².Such a species originated in west California,USA,where it was unatractive to the local inhabitants.In 1850 it was introduced into New Zealand by immigrants.In the new country the warm climate and evenly distributed rich precipitation favored the growth of the species,whose tree height,was for greater than that in original provenance.At the same time much effort was spent each year in variety improvement,and forests were established with this species having excellent genetic characters.Its volume growth is 30% higher than that ungenetically improved.Moreover,it has good tree form and is disease resistant.In New Zealand the main method of vegetative propagation adopted to extend the species is cuttage.By this way the species can retain its good characters,and can decrease the cost of production.