北京市大中型沼气工程调研分析与建议

为详细了解北京市大中型沼气工程发展现状,2009年夏季抽选了北京市38座大中型沼气工程进行实地问卷调查,并于2010年冬季再次进行调查。调查内容包括工程投资、工程所有单位、工程设计施工单位、工程工艺、运行管理、沼气和沼液沼渣利用、夏季和冬季运行状态等方面的情况。同时,对调查所获数据进行了分析。调查结果表明:北京市大中型沼气工程以获得能源、服务农村和保护环境目的为主;市政府对工程投资力度较大,工程设计施工体系初具产业规模;工程工艺以能源生态型为主,冬季加热方式主要采用燃煤加温;沼气利用以农户炊事为主,沼液沼渣利用率差。由于沼肥经济效益低,产气量不高,冬季采用燃煤加热和购买原料等原因,工程经济效益不明显。最后,总结了目前北京市大中型沼气工程存在的主要问题,并提出了相关建议。

Survey Analysis and Advice on Large and Medium Size Biogas Plants in Beijing

To learn more about development status of large and medium-sized biogas plants in Beijing,in the summer of 2009 there were 38 large and medium-sized biogas plants of Beijing investigated,and in the winter of 2010 these biogas plants were investigated again.The survey content included the investment,the own-unit and design unit of the biogas plants,anaerobic fermentation technology,management,and the utilization for biogas,slurry and residue,running situation in summer and winter.All the survey data were analyzed.The result showed that,large and medium size biogas plants in Beijing aimed at energy acquisition and environmental protection.Most of the investment was from the municipal government.The design and construction systems had begun to take industrial scale.Most biogas plants were energy-ecology mode,and used coal to heat in winter.The biogas was mainly used for cooking by the farmers,with poor utilization of biogas slurry residue.Because low economic benefits of slurry,low biogas production,heating by coal winter and purchase of raw materials,the economic benefits of biogas plants were low.However they had high social environmental benefits.The paper summarized several key problems and offered advice to solve them.