天山北坡精河绿洲土地利用/覆被时空变化及驱动力分析

以精河绿洲为研究区,1997、2007和2016年Landsat遥感影像数据、气象和水文数据以及社会经济数据为主要数据源,综合运用动态度和时间序列追踪,探寻精河绿洲近20年土地利用/覆被变化特征及其归因。结果表明:1)1997—2016年,精河绿洲土地覆被类型变化主要表现在低覆被度植被、其他覆盖向耕地的转化;耕地向高覆盖度植被的转化;中覆盖植被严重退化;湿地面积呈现出越来越减少趋势,水体总面积呈现增加的趋势。2)1997、2007和2016年土地覆盖类型中的其他覆盖、耕地和水体的面积和比例持续增加,增幅分别为12.17%、5.30%和2.49%。高-中-低覆盖度植被,以及湿地呈减少趋势,其中低覆盖度植被减少速度最快,减幅达13.23%,中覆盖度植被前10年呈增加趋势,而后10年呈减少趋势。3)精河绿洲土地覆盖变化受到自然因素与人文因素的共同影响,其中自然因素限制了山区和平原区之间的低覆盖度植被的生存,人文因素则是绿洲土地覆盖变化的直接驱动力。

Temporal and spatial variation of LUCC in Jinghe oasis on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains

To explore the characteristics and driving forces of the ratio of land use and cover change in Jinghe oasis in recent 20 years,Jinghe oasis was chosen as the main data source of Landsat remote sensing image data,meteorological data,hydrological data,social economic data,dynamic attitude and time series tracking.The results showed that:1)The changes mainly reflected in a transformation of cultivated land to high-coverage vegetation,a serious degradation of medium-cover vegetation,and a decreasing trend of wetland area from 1997 to 2016.2)The coverage and area of other land cover types,cultivated land and proportion of water continued to increase in 1997,2007 and 2016,the amplification were 12.17%,5.30% and 2.49%,respectively.The vegetation of high/middle/low coverage and wetland displayed a decreasing trend,among them,the vegetation of low-coverage was the fastest which decreased by 13.23%.Meanwhile,the vegetation of middle-coverage showed an increasing trend in the first 10 years,then decreased in the second 10 years.3)The land cover change of Jinghe Oasis was affected by both natural and human factors.Natural factors limit the survival of low-coverage vegetation between mountainous areas and plain areas.Human factors are the direct driving force for land cover change in oasis.