自动转移喷灌机控制系统研制

现代农业要求农业生产实现机械化、规模化、自动化和智能化。设施农业作为现代农业中的高端农业，其技术和设备的发展应用具有引领典范作用。其中，节水灌溉是设施农业中一项关键技术，也是国家一直在倡导的重要举措。喷灌机通过定时定量对植物进行灌溉，以最小程度的用水量，获取最大的收益。传统喷灌机自动化程度不高，只能实现单跨自动运行，无法实现跨间自动转移，需要人工辅助，且无法进行区域选择性灌溉。为了提高温室内喷灌机自动化程度，降低劳动力成本，提高工作效率，通过总结归纳国外全自动喷灌机的结构和特点，研制了一种全自动转移喷灌机。该喷灌机系统引入RFID射频模块，它通过射频信号自动识别跨度标签，快速读取标签内数据，可用于识别不同的跨度和初定位。喷灌机主机依托转移装置可进行跨间自动转移，为了防止干扰摒弃接近开关和光电开关，使用霍尔开关作为信号检测和判断，使用西门子200CUP226作为主控制器。通过在上位机昆仑通泰触摸屏上输入喷灌次数、喷灌时间等参数，控制机器自动执行喷灌任务，而高速计数器的使用节省了转移过程中的时间。存储单元存储喷灌的次数和时间记录，方便后期数据查询和经验的数字量转化。 

Development of Control System for Automatic Transfer Device for Mobile Sprinkling Irrigation Machine

Modern agriculture requires that agricultural production can achieve mechanization，scale，automation and intelligence.Facility agriculture，as a high-end agriculture in modern agriculture，has a leading role in the development and application of technology and equipment.Water-saving irrigation is a key technology in facility agriculture，and it is also one of the important technologies that the country has been advocating.Sprinkler irrigation machine is used to irrigate plants regularly and quantitatively，requiring the least amount of water to irrigate larger plants as much as possible.Traditional sprinkler irrigation machine is not highly automated，and can′t realize automatic transfer between spans with manual assistance and can′t selectively irrigate.In order to improve the automation of sprinkler irrigation machine in greenhouse，reduced labor cost and improve work efficiency，an automatic transfer sprinkler irrigation machine was developed by summarizing the structure and characteristics of foreign automatic sprinkler irrigation machine.The sprinkler irrigation system introduced RFID radio frequency module，which could automatically identify span tags by radio frequency signals，and quickly read the data in the tags to identify different span and initial positioning.The main machine of sprinkler irrigation machine adopted transfer device to transfer automatically across lines.In order to prevent interference from abandoning proximity switch and photoelectric switch，Hall switch was used as signal detection and judgment，and Siemens 200CUP226 was used as main controller.By inputting parameters such as the number of sprinkler irrigation and the time of sprinkler irrigation on the touch screen，the machine could automatically perform the task of sprinkler irrigation，while the use of high-speed counter saved the time in the transfer process.The storage unit stored the number and time records of sprinkler irrigation，which facilitated the later data query and digital conversion of experience.