自走式不对行棉秆联合收获打捆机的设计与试验

针对棉秆收获效率低、压捆密度小等问题,设计一次进地可实现棉秆拔除、输送、切断、压缩和打捆作业的自走式不对行棉秆联合收获打捆机。该机具采用安装有V型齿板的不对行拔秆辊和清理辊配合作业,实现棉秆的不对行整株拔除作业,有利于提高棉秆的收获效率和拔净率;采用滚筒式铡切装置将棉秆长度切断成(20±5) cm,实现棉秆先切断后压缩打捆作业,有利于提高棉秆的压捆密度。根据棉秆的特性和收获要求,确定关键部件的参数并进行仿真,结果显示,设计的关键部件满足棉秆收获性能要求。田间试验表明:棉秆的不对行拔除、切断、压缩和打捆联合作业性能良好,满足棉秆机械化收获要求;棉秆切断长度合格率为95.24%,压捆密度为159.3 kg/m~3;当不对行拔秆辊旋转速度为390 r/min,不对行拔秆辊入土深度3 cm,机具行进速度1.2 m/s时,棉秆拔净率为97.83%,作业效率0.98 hm~2/h。

Design and experiment of self-propelled non-aligned cotton stalk combined harvest baler

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency of cotton stalk harvesting and low baling density,a self-propelled non-aligned cotton stalk combined harvest baler was designed,which can implement simultaneously removal,conveying,cutting,compression and baling of cotton stalk.The whole plant removal with regardless of row of cotton stalk by means of combination work of pulling-stalk roller with V type toothed plate and cleaning roller in the pulling-stalk platform was implemented to improve cotton stalk pulling rate.Cotton stalk was cut into (20±5) cm relied on roller type cutting mechanism in the machine to realize the compression and baling after cutting of cotton stalk and improve the compression density of cotton stalk.According to the characteristics and harvest requirement of cotton stalk,the parameters of the key components were identified,and the simulation is carried out.The simulation results showed that the key parts of the design can meet the harvest performance requirements of cotton stalk.The main performance of the machine was tested.The experimental results showed that the combined operation of removal with regardless of row,cutting,compression and baling of cotton stalk is feasible,and the operation performance of the machine was good.The qualified rate of cut length of cotton stalk was 95.24%,and the bale density was up to 159.3 kg/m³.The factors affecting pulling rate of cotton stalk in descending order were the speed of pulling-stalk roller,the depth of pulling-stalk roller into the soil and the forward speed of the machine.The pulling rate of cotton stalk was 97.83%,and the operation efficiency of the machine was 0.98 hm²/h,when the rotation speed of pulling-stalk roller was 390 r/min and the depth of pulling-stalk roller in the field was 3 cm,the forward speed of the machine was 1.2 m/s.