桃雄性育性与花器官内游离氨基酸含量的关系

在花粉母细胞减数分裂之前和减数分裂期、花粉发生与发育期、花粉成熟期，对雄性可育品种和不育品种的花器官进行了游离氨基酸的成分与含量的测定分析。游离氨基酸总量与游离脯氨酸的含量均在减数分裂期开始明显上升，陡升期出现在花粉发生与发育期，精氨酸和谷氨酸在减数分裂之前提前出现峰值，而在花粉发生与发育期急速下降。可育品种的游离氨基酸总量与脯氨酸含量明显高出不育品种，其含量显著差异也恰在花粉发生与发育期出现。结合细胞形态学观察，药壁组织的绒毡层的发育与解体状况和花粉育性、氨基酸代谢有着密切关系。花粉成熟时雄蕊内游离氨基酸含量的差异，实际是花粉的含量差异，可育品种的脯氨酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量成倍乃至数倍高出不育品种。雌蕊内也有一定的游离脯氨酸，且可育品种明显高出不育品种。

The Relation Between Male Fertility and Free Amino Acid Content of Flower Organ in Peach

By analysing free amino acid content of flower organ of fertile and sterile breeds in different pollen developmental period, the results show that:Total free amino acids and proline content increase conspicuously in the meiosis period and increase suddenly in the pollen generating period. Arginine and glutamic arid get peak values ahead of the meiosis period and fall abruptly in the pollen generating period.Total free amino acids and proline content of fertile breeds are higher than those of sterile breeds. Their remarkable differences also occur in the pollen generating period. Combining cell morphology,the growth and decline state of tapetum in anther wall tissue are closely related with pollen fertility and amino acid metabolism. When pollen is mature, the quantitative difference in free amino acids is actually the difference in pollen in stamen.The contents of proline, arginine lysine and methionine in fertile breeds are several times higher than those in sterile breeds. Free proline also exists in pistil and there is higher content in fertile breeds than that in sterile breeds.