普通土壤栽培增施CO2和有机土栽培对日光温室秋黄瓜产量和品质的影响

在日光温室条件下，研究了普通土壤栽培增施CO₂及有机土栽培对黄瓜产量和营养品质的影响，并对比了两种栽培方式下CO₂的变化。结果表明：有机土栽培与增施CO₂的普通土壤栽培均在上午提高了温室内CO₂浓度，使温室中CO₂浓度在上午光合作用最强的时期显著高于普通土壤栽培，最终表现为黄瓜生长优于普通土壤栽培。生理分析表明：普通土壤栽培增施CO₂和有机土栽培均可增加黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量，并显著提高了植株的根系活力和净光合速率。增施CO₂对盛果期黄瓜果实中可溶性固形物和VC含量有显著提高作用，分别提高10.21%和7.23%；而有机土栽培下黄瓜总糖和粗蛋白含量显著高于其他处理。黄瓜盛果期增施CO₂增产效果明显，单株产量较对照显著提高，与有机土栽培产量相当。增施CO₂对黄瓜产量的影响主要在采收中后期；而有机土栽培对黄瓜产量的影响主要是在采收的前中期。有机土栽培不仅改善了根区环境，还对温室CO₂浓度有很好改善作用，可以不用增施CO₂而实现优质高产。

Effects of Common Soil Cultivation Applying CO2 and Organic Soil Cultivation on Yield and Quality of Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse

The effects of common soil cultivation applying CO₂ and organic soil cultivation on yield and nutrient quality of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）in solar greenhouse were studied，and the CO₂ concentrations under two cultivation patterns were compared at the same time．The results showed that common soil cultivation applying CO₂ and organic soil cultivation could all increase CO₂ concentration in greenhouse in the morning，and the CO₂ concentrations in treatment were much higher than that in common soil cultivation control（PCK）during the sunny morning，which made the cucumber growth better than PCK．Physiological analysis indicated that common soil cultivation applying CO₂ and organic soil cultivation could all increase the chlorophylls contents of cucumber leaf blades，root system activity and plant net photosynthetic rate．In applying CO₂ treatment，the soluble solide and VC contents of cucumber were significantly increased by 10.21% and 7.23%，respectively，than that of common soil cultivation control．The contents of total sugar and crude protein in organic soil were significantly higher than the other treatments．Applying CO₂ could improve cucumber yield and the single plant yield was significantly higher than that of PCK，similar to that of organic soil cultivation．Applying CO₂ treatment on yield was mainly in the middle and later stage of harvest，whereas the effect of organic soil cultivation on yield was mainly in the early and middle stage of harvest．The organic soil cultivation can not only improve root zone environment，but also increase the CO₂ concentration in greenhouse．Thus we can achieve high yield and high quality without applying CO₂.