湘南红壤作物苗期铝中毒的研究

利用盆栽试验对湘南地区旱地上种植的几种主要的作物（小麦、玉米、大豆、花生、油菜）进行了铝毒害的研究。结果表明，各种作物苗期对铝的耐受能力不同。铝毒害临界指标为:小麦4.0cmol/kg，玉米4.8cmol/kg，油菜4.0cmol/kg，大豆5.2cmol/kg，花生4.4cmol/kg。铝毒害首先对作物根系生长产生危害，根系中积累大量的铝对根系细胞造成损害，严重阻碍作物吸收、运输养分和水分，继而影响到地上部生长，铝毒严重时使作物濒临死亡

THE ALUMINUM TOXICITY OF SOME CROP SEEDLINGS IN RED SOIL OF SOUTHERN HUNAN

In this paper,through pot experiment,we studied the aluminum toxicity of some crops seedling term.The tested soil is the red soil of Quaternary period in southern Hunan.The tested crops are some main crops in red soil dry land.It is found that the plant grows different with the different aluminum application treatment.Under the toxic critical value,a little content of aluminum application can activate the plant growth.When aluminum toxicity,the growth of root systen can be limited.The shoot become slim and dwarf,and the leaf number and leaf become little.The leaf tip of some crops becomes yellow.When toxicity is serious,the plant is dying. The crop's ability of tolerating aluminum toxic critical value is as follows:wheat 4.0coml/kg,maize 4.8cmol/lkg,rape 4.0cmol/kg,soybean 5.2cmol/kg,peanut 4.4cmol/kg. The mechanism of crop aluminum toxicity is analyzed too.At first,the aluminum toxicity hampers root growth.When the high content of aluminum accumulates in the root,the aluminum toxicity will come into being.It will affect absorbing and transporting nutrient and water seriously.Ultimately,it limits the shoot growth.