管输过程中控制原油粘度的必要性及实现方法

分析了输油管道进泵原油组分的变化,引起原油运动粘度产生偏离设计值的波动,该波动具有随机性,是无法预测的,造成这种变化不大而缓慢波动的因素较多。原油粘度波动会影响输油工况的稳定,降低离心泵效率,影响降粘剂的最佳用量和原油最佳加热温度,为此,提出了将进泵原油粘度控制在设计值的输油工艺及在加热和不加热输送中的实现方法。将在线粘度传感器安装在泵附近的采样管中,随时检测进泵原油的运动粘度,看其是否与设计值一致,若有偏离,则通过调节器使执行单元动作,调节降粘剂掺入量或加热温度,使粘度控制在设计值,从而稳定了输油工况,有效地利用了降粘剂和加热的作用,保证了安全输油,降低了输油成本。

Necessity of Controlling Gelatination of Crude Oil Being Transported and Its Method

Analysis is done on the composition change of oil fed into the pump of a pipeline. This kind of change causes movement change of crude oil thus making the design value deviate and fluctuate. The fluctuation is unfixed, which is impossible to be forseen. There are many reasons for this sort of fluctuation, which can influence the stability of transportation condition, reduce the efficiency of centrifugal pumps, affect the best quantity of additive and the best oil heating temperature. Therefore the writer points out that it's necessary to control the viscosity of the oil fed into the pumps and its method for either heated or unheated pipeline: To have the on-line viscosity sensor mounted in the sample tube adjacent to the inlet of the pump. It can at any time measure the viscosity of the oil being fed to see whether it is in conformity to the design value. If there is deviation, the actuator can act by means of the regulator to regulate the feeding quantity of the viscosity-reducing agent or the heating temperature so as to maintain the set,viscosity value for stable transportation process, so that viscosity-reducing agent and heating method can be made the best use of to garantee the safety of transportation and reduce the cost.