甲基磺酸乙酯处理对豇豆种子活力及农艺性状的影响

以豇豆品种"青豇909"为试材,利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)进行种子诱变处理并进行田间栽培试验,研究了EMS不同处理浓度对豇豆种子活力、生育期、农艺性状和经济性状等方面的影响,以期为豇豆EMS突变体库的建立和种质创新提供参考依据。结果表明:EMS不同处理对种子活力影响明显,随着处理浓度的增大,种子活力呈递减趋势;各处理出苗期差异明显,但从全生育期来看,与对照相比差异不明显;各处理间农艺性状和经济性状差异明显,第一开花节位总体比对照降低,0.2%的处理最低,单株分枝数0.1%的处理最多;单株结荚数0.5%的处理最多;0.1%的处理荚长最长,单株干荚总质量最大,平均干荚质量0.2%的处理最高。综合考虑,EMS处理浓度为0.1%时,种子活力、出苗率、荚长、荚粗、单株干荚总质量等方面优于其它处理,可作为筛选优质、高产豇豆新品种的EMS处理浓度。

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on Seed Vigor and Agronomic Characteristics of Cowpea

Cowpea varieties'Qingjiang 909'was used as test material,the seeds were induced by EMS and field cultivation experiments were carried out,effects of the EMS treatment on seed vigor,growth period,agronomic characteristics and economics traits were studied,in order to provide reference for the establishment of the mutant library and germplasm innovation.The results showed that effect of the EMS treatment concentration on the seed vigor was obviously,with the increase of treatment concentration,the seed vigor showed decreasing trend;the difference of the treatment on seedling stage was obviously,but the difference of the treatment compared with the contrast was unobviously from the whole growth period;the difference of the treatment on agronomic characteristics and economics traits was obviously,the first flowering node was lower than the contrast,the lowest was 0.2％ treatment,the number of branches per plant of the 0.1％treatment was the most,the pod numbers per plant of 0.5％treatment were the most;the longest pod length was 0.1％treatment,the total weight of dry weight per plant of 0.1％treatment was the heaviest,the average dry pod weight of 0.2％ treatment was the highest.Taking into consideration various factors,under the condition of the EMS 0.1％treatment concentration,which could be used to filtrate high quality and yield of cowpea new varieties,thus seed vigor,seedling rate,pod length,pod thickness,and total weight of dry pods per plant were superior to other treatments.