森林采运系统动力学模型研究

为了分析森林采运系统的效率和成本,本文选择系统中关键的采—集过程,利用系统动力学的方法建立模型,进行计算机仿真模拟。结果显示,以特定时间范围内完成一定工作量为前提,系统运行的效率和成本与初始设备的投入量关系不大,与设备条件、外部条件、林木条件等关系很大。但初始采造设备的投入量会影响集材设备的运行效率和成本。在实际生产中,首先应根据林木条件和外部条件选择合适的设备,这样才能使得运行效率最高而成本最低;其次在设备的安排上,应充分保障采造设备,但也不应使其生产力与集材设备的生产力相差过大,否则会造成后期集材设备需求激增等问题。

Research on Dynamic Model of Forest Harvesting System

In order to analyze the efficiency and cost of forest harvesting system,the paper established the model on felling and skidding process as two key processes in forest harvesting system with the method of system dynamics,and then simulated it by computer.The results show that the operational efficiency and cost of the system are affected little by the original equipment input but much by equipment condition,external condition and forest condition under the premise that a certain harvesting work be finished within a given period of time.However,the original felling equipment input does have an influence on the operational efficiency as well as on the cost of skidding equipment.Therefore,the proper equipment should be selected first during practical production according to the forest and external conditions in order to achieve the goal of maximum operational efficiency and minimum cost.Then the felling equipment should be fully guaranteed while the productivity difference between the felling equipment and skidding equipment should not be that large.Otherwise,there will be a sudden demand rise on skidding equipment in late period.