新疆北部苜蓿耗水规律及灌溉制度研究

通过对苜蓿的需水量、需水时间、灌溉次数等方面的试验对比分析,总结了苜蓿的耗水规律,即在苜蓿生长的幼苗期、分枝期,耗水量依次表现出递增的趋势,开花成熟期则有所下降。同时揭示了苜蓿耗水量与产量的关系,苜蓿产量与需水量之间的关系曲线呈抛物线形式,需水量在较小值时,苜蓿的产量随着需水量的增加而增加,直至到达产量最大值,此后随着需水量的増加产量反而开始下降。结合试验成果和当地荒漠戈壁地的土质结构和性状,初步提出了当地种植苜蓿的灌溉制度,苜蓿收获三茬的灌溉定额为8 040.5m3/hm2,全生育期的灌水次数为15次。

Water Consumption Law and Irrigation Scheduling for Lucerne in North Xinjiang

Based on the test contrast analysis of the water requirement,water demand time,irrigation times and other aspects of lucerne,the law of lucerne water consumption is summarized.It is found that the water consumption during the growth seeding stage,dividing branches and flower period tends to increase while it tends to decrease during the fruit-bearing stage.It is also revealed that the relation curve between the yield and water demand of lucerne shows the parabolic form.When the water demand is in the small value,the production of lucerne increases with the increase of water demand until it reaches the maximum,and then it decreases with the increase of the water demand.Combined with the experimental results and the local structure and properties of soil,a system of irrigation for Lucerne is proposed.It is proposed that the irrigation quota of lucerne is 8 040.5 m3/hm2 and the irrigation time is 15 in the whole growth period.