水氮供应对日光温室番茄产量及其经济效益的影响

为了研究石羊河流域日光温室番茄节水节肥新模式,2011年在甘肃省武威市研究水氮供应对日光温室番茄产量及其经济效益的影响。结果表明,常规灌水(21mm)、推荐施氮量施肥虽然能促进果实早熟,有利于增加采收期和市场高价位时期的重合度,但由于总产量过低,使总体经济效益较低,为不合理方案。相反,与对照相比,花期亏水1/3、常规施肥,是本试验条件下最理想的灌水、施肥模式。即在番茄全生育期内灌水15～16次,灌水定额为21mm,施肥9～10次,总施氮量为350kg/hm2,可实现经济产量170～200t/hm2,经济效益29～30万元/hm2。

Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Supply on Tomato Yield and Economic Incomes in Solar-Greenhouse

In order to explore the optimal water-and-fertilization saving pattern of greenhouse tomato in Shiyang River,an experiment was conducted on the solar-greenhouse tomato in Wuwei in Gansu in 2011 for the effects of irrigation and nitrogen supply on tomato yield and economic incomes.The results showed that although conventional irrigation and encouraged nitrogen could promote tomato mature and the coincidence of harvest period and market higher price phase,the yield decreased significantly.As the total economic income was low,it was not an ideal irrigation pattern.However,on the basis of the CK treatment,the treatment with the 1/3 irrigation amount decreased in flower appearing and conventional nitrogen was the optimal irrigation and fertilization pattern,i.e.,15 or 16 irrigations were applied with 21 mm per time and 9 or 10 fertilizations were applied with total nitrogen amounts of 350 kg/hm2 during the whole growing stage,and the yield of 170 to 200 t/hm2 tomato and the benefit of 29×104 to 30×104 RMB/hm2 could be achieved.