非洲猪瘟病毒免疫及基因工程疫苗研究进展

非洲猪瘟（African swine fever，ASF）是由非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus，ASFV）引起家猪的一种急性、出血性、高度接触性蜱传病毒病，可致家猪网状内皮系统出血及高死亡率，是危害世界养猪业健康发展最严重的传染病之一。ASFV是一种大型的DNA病毒，结构复杂，其基因组编码大量蛋白。该论文介绍了ASFV的特性，免疫应答机制如免疫逃逸、体液免疫和细胞免疫，以及基因工程疫苗如减毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、病毒载体活疫苗及DNA疫苗研究的最新进展，并对中国ASF的疫苗研制、防控进行了展望。

Research Progress on Immune Response and Genetic Engineering Vaccines Against African Swine Fever Virus

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute,hemorrhagic and highly contagious tiboviral disease in domestic pigs,caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV).The disease shows reticuloendothelial hemorrhage and high mortality,is one of arguably the most significant emerging disease threat for the swine industry worldwide.ASFV is a large DNA virus,with the complexity of the structure and the large number of proteins encoded by its genome.This review focuses on recent progress of the ASFV characteristics,mechanisms of immune response including immune escape,humoral immunity,and cellular immunity,genetic engineering vaccines including live attenuated vaccines,subunit vaccines,live virus vector vaccines and DNA vaccines.Finally,the vaccine development and prevention and control-eradiction strategies of ASF in China are prospected.