小麦新品种‘瑞华麦520’高产稳产性分析

分析高产优质多抗国审小麦新品种‘瑞华麦520’的产量表现和构成因素,旨在为品种的推广提供科学依据。利用国家、省中间试验及大面积应用多点数据,对‘瑞华麦520’的高产稳产性进行分析。结果表明：‘瑞华麦520’在江苏省3年中间试验增产点率达100%,国家区试两年增产点率均为88.2%,均值变异系数分别为7.16%和12.2%,位居参试品种最小值的第1和7位,品种离优度值分别为494.97和618.97,位居参试品种最小值的第2和3位,平均穗数633.0±64.5万穗/hm²、穗粒数31.1±4.5粒、千粒重40.2±3.0 g,产量三要素协调稳定,均值变异系数和品种离优度值均较低。多年多点试验表明,‘瑞华麦520’产量潜力高、稳产性好,对黄淮南片麦区主要病害、灾害具有良好的抗（耐）性,有较高的推广价值。

High and Stable Yield of New Wheat Variety ‘Ruihuamai 520’

This study analyzed the yield performance and composition factors of new elite wheat variety ‘Ruihuamai 520’ with high yield and good quality, aiming to provide a basis for its popularization. The high and stable yield of wheat variety ‘Ruihuamai 520’ was analyzed by using the national and provincial intermediate tests and multi-point data of large-scale application. The results showed that the yield point rate of ‘Ruihuamai 520’ reached 100% in regional trials of Jiangsu Province, the yield increasing point rate was 88.2% in the two-year test in the national regional trial; the mean variation coefficient was 7.16% and 12.2%, respectively, ranking the first and the seventh of the tested varieties. The value of variation coefficient was 494.97 and 618.97, respectively, ranking the second and the third of the tested varieties. The average number ears, the number of grains per ear and the weight of 1000 grains of the variety ‘Ruihuamai 520’ were (633.0 ± 64.5)×10 ⁴/hm², 31.1 ± 4.5 and 40.2 ± 3.0 g, respectively, indicating that the three factors of yield were coordinated and stable. The experiments show that wheat variety ‘Ruihuamai 520’ has high and stable yield, and good resistance to major diseases and natural disasters in southern Huanghuai area.