亚临界萃取棉酚工艺研究

试验利用亚临界萃取技术探究棉籽仁中游离棉酚萃取的合适提取工艺条件,为棉酚的工业化生产提供依据。以高酚棉籽为提取原料,分析前处理方式和萃取过程中温度、时间、料液比、次数等因素对提取率的影响,并采取正交试验优化提取工艺条件。结果表明,预处理试验中,粉碎过40目筛轧胚提取率最高,为57.6%;单因素试验中,棉酚提取率随着温度的升高先升高后降低,20℃时达到最高58.2%,随着时间的增加逐渐升高,30 min后增长趋于平缓,随着次数的增加逐渐升高,4次后增长趋于平缓,随着料液比的增加逐渐变大,在1:12后增长趋于平缓。正交试验结果得到亚临界萃取棉酚的最佳工艺为：温度20℃,时间40 min,次数4次,料液比1:14,此时提取率为68.9%。

Subcritical Extraction Technology of Gossypol

The experiment aims to use subcritical extraction technology to explore the optimal extraction condition of free gossypol in cotton kernels, and provide a basis for the industrial production of gossypol. Using high-phenol cottonseed as the raw material for extraction, the influence of factors such as the pretreatment method and the temperature, time, material-to-liquid ratio, and times of extraction on the extraction rate were analyzed, and orthogonal experiments were conducted to determine the optimal extraction condition. The results showed that in the pretreatment experiment, the extraction rate of crushed embryos through 40 mesh sieve was the highest, which was 57.6%; In the single factor experiment, the extraction rate of gossypol first increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature, reaching the highest 58.2% at 20 ℃. With the time increasing gradually, the growth of the extraction rate tended to be flat after 30 minutes, and gradually increased along with the number of extraction times, the growth tended to be flat after 4 times. The extraction rate gradually increased along with the material-to-liquid ratio, and became flat after the ratio reached 1:12. Orthogonal test results showed that the optimal condition for subcritical extraction of gossypol was: temperature at 20℃, time duration of 40 min, 4 times of extraction, and the material-liquid ratio of 1:14, under this condition, the extraction rate was 68.9%.