槟榔碱合成前体物质的空间分布及槟榔碱合成通路解析

为探究槟榔中的生物活性成分，本研究以不同组织的槟榔为材料，利用高效液相色谱?质谱联用技术进行了非靶向代谢组学检测，经过定性分析，共获得了158个代谢物（包括氨基酸、脂质、核苷酸、生物碱和类黄酮等物质），首次在槟榔中发现槟榔次碱己糖苷的存在，并对氨基酸和生物碱进行了相对定量，发现芳香族氨基酸和支链氨基酸主要分布在种子中；烟酸衍生物在叶片中含量较高，槟榔次碱己糖苷和去甲基槟榔碱在外果皮中含量较高，其余生物碱均显示出在果实中尤其是种子中有较多的积累。基于烟酸、葫芦巴碱和槟榔碱的结构相似性，推测槟榔碱的合成通路是以天冬氨酸为起点，以烟酸、葫芦巴碱为基本骨架进行合成的。

Spatial Distribution of Arecoline Synthesis Precursors and Analysis of Arecoline Synthesis Pathway

To discover the bioactive components in Areca catechu L., metabolome of A. catechu L. was profiled by using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry spectrometry-based on non-target metabolomics. A total of 158 metabolites were quantified, including amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, alkaloidsalkaloids, and flavonoids, and arecaidineacecainide hexosidehexoxide was discovered in A. catechu L. for the first time. The relative quantification of amino acids and alkaloids showed that aromatic amino acids and branched-chain amino acids were mainly distributed in the seeds of A. catechu L. Niacin derivatives were higher in the leaves; arecaidine hexoside and guvacoline were higher in the exocarp of the fruit; other alkaloids were highly accumulated in the fruits, especially in the seeds. According to the structural similarity of niacin, trigonelline, and arecoline, the synthesis pathway of arecoline is speculated as that L-aspartic acid is used as the starting point, and that niacin and trigonelline are used as the basic skeleton for the synthesis.