影响奶牛乳成分因素的研究进展

近年来我国奶牛养殖行业发展迅速,人们在专注于提高奶牛产奶量的同时,开始关注如何提高乳品质。奶牛自身的遗传与非遗传因素以及奶牛生活环境显著影响着乳成分,伴随奶牛品种和所处环境的变化,其乳成分与品质也会发生改变。在生产中植物提取物以其无毒、无害、无副作用等多种优势成为改善乳品质的天然添加剂,可以提高奶牛的泌乳性能、改善乳成分,具有使用价值和应用前景。本文通过综述奶牛品种、环境及天然植物提取物等多种饲料添加剂对乳成分的影响,以期为在生产实践中提高乳品质等提供理论依据。

Research Progress on Factors Affecting Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

In recent years,the dairy farming industry in China has developed rapidly,people pay attention to how to improve the quality of dairy cows while focusing on improving the milk yield. The changes of milk components directly affect the quality of dairy cows,and genetic and non-genetic factors significantly affect milk components. Plant extracts,with their advantages of non-toxicity,non-harm,and no side effects,have become natural additives to improve milk quality,which can improve the lactation performance of dairy cows and milk components,and have a wide range of use values and application prospects. The effects of variety, environment, natural plant extracts and other feed additives on milk composition were reviewed in this paper in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving milk quality in production practice.