新疆石河子地区某规模化奶牛场乳房炎患病率调查

对新疆石河子地区某规模化奶牛场的712 头澳系荷斯坦泌乳牛进行乳房炎患病率调查。调查结果显示,40 头奶牛患临床型乳房炎,患病率为5.62%。从剩余的未表现出临床乳房炎症状的672 头奶牛中随机选出180 头奶牛,共682 个乳区（720 个乳区中有38 个瞎乳头）,分别进行兰州乳房炎检测（LMT）和乳样体细胞数（SCC）检测。经LMT诊断发现,180 头奶牛中有56 头患隐性乳房炎,患病率为31.11%;经SCC检测发现,180 头奶牛中有60 头患隐性乳房炎,患病率为33.33%。数据分析发现：各乳区患乳房炎阳性率差异不显著（P>0.05）,说明各乳区阳性率之间没有必然规律;6岁以上奶牛的乳房炎患病率与2~3岁、4~5岁的患病率相比差异显著（P<0.05）,说明6岁及以上奶牛乳房炎的患病率要高于2~3岁、4~5岁奶牛;6胎及以上的奶牛乳房炎患病率与其他胎次之间差异极显著（P<0.01）,说明6胎及以上奶牛的乳房炎患病率要远高于1胎、2胎、3胎、4胎、5胎奶牛。

Prevalence of Mastitis in Dairy Cows of a Large-scale Dairy Farm in Shihezi of Xinjiang

The prevalence of mastitis was investigated in 712 Australian Holstein dairy cows from a large-scale dairy farm in Shihezi,Xinjiang.Clinical mastitis was found in 40 cows with a prevalence of 5.62% （40/712）. A total of 180 dairy cows were randomly selected from the remaining 672 dairy cows that did not show clinical symptoms of mastitis.A total of 682 milk areas （38 blind milk areas among 720 milk areas） were tested for Lanzhou mastitis （LMT） and milk like cell count （SCC）,respectively. According to LMT diagnosis,56 of 180 cows suffered from latent mastitis, with a prevalence rate of 31.11%.Recessive mastitis was found in 60 of 180 cows with a prevalence of 33.33%.Detection and analysis: there was no significant difference in the positive rate of mastitis in all milk regions（P>0.05）,indicating that there was no definite rule in the positive rate of mastitis in all milk regions.The prevalence of mastitis in cows over 6 years old was significantly different from that in cows 2-3 years old and 4-5 years old（P<0.05）,indicating that the prevalence of mastitis in cows over 6 years old was higher than that in cows 2-3 years old and 4-5 years old.There was a significant difference between the prevalence of mastitis in cows with 6 parities and other parities（P<0.01）,indicating that the prevalence of mastitis in cows with 6 parities and above was much higher than that in cows with 1,2,3,4 and 5 parities.