栽培密度对通辽牛膝生长生理特性的影响

为了探讨通辽地区牛膝最佳栽培密度,以期为在该地区进行牛膝的规范化栽培提供参考。本研究采用田间试验与室内测定相结合的方法,进行单因素完全随机设计,设置5种不同的栽培密度,每公顷株数约为D₁:834000,D₂:556000,D₃:417000,D₄:333500,D₅:278000,测定了不同密度处理牛膝生长和生理指标及采收期有效成分含量。结果表明,在D₁密度下,牛膝苗期生长相对较好,采收期地上部生长显著受限,单株地上部鲜重显著低于D₅;随着栽培密度的降低,牛膝叶片叶绿素含量逐渐升高,相对电导率逐渐降低,D₄和D₅处理叶片绿素含量显著高于D₁,D₁处理的牛膝叶片相对电导率极显著高于D₃,D₄,D₅处理;不同种植密度的牛膝叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛、SOD、POD活性无显著差异;采收期牛膝根部有效成分β-脱皮甾酮含量也无显著性差异。综合产量和有效成分含量因素,在通辽地区牛膝的推荐种植密度834000株/hm²左右为宜。

Effects of Planting Densities on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Achyranthes bidentata Blume in Tongliao

To explore the optimal cultivation density of Achyranthes bidentate Blume in Tongliao could provide certain reference for the standardized cultivation of Achyranthes bidentate Blume in this area. Using the method of combining field experiment and indoor measurement, a single-factor completely random design was carried out, and 5 different cultivation densities were set. The number of plants per hectare was about D1: 834000, D2: 556000, D3: 417000, D4: 333500, and D5: 278000. The growth and physiological indexes of Achyranthes bidentate Blume cultivated under different densities and the content of active ingredients during the harvest period were determined. The growth of Achyranthes bidentate Blume at the seedling stage of density D1 is relatively good, and the growth of the above-ground part is significantly restricted during the harvesting period, and the fresh weight of the above-ground part of single plant is significantly lower than that of D5. With the decrease of cultivation density, the chlorophyll content of Achyranthes bidentate Blume leaves gradually increased, and the relative conductivity gradually decreased. The chlorophyll content of the leaves under D4 and D5 was significantly higher than that of D1, and the relative conductivity of the leaves of Achyranthes bidentate Blume under D1 was extremely and significantly higher than that under D3, D4 and D5. There was no significant difference in the soluble sugar, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, SOD and POD of Achyranthes bidentate Blume leaves with different planting densities. There was also no significant difference in the content of β-ecdysterone in the roots during harvest. Considering the factors of yield and effective ingredient contents, the recommended planting density of Achyranthes bidentate Blume in Tongliao is about 834000 plants per hectare (D1).