铁皮石斛引种前后主要生物活性成分对比分析

为解决我国北方地区铁皮石斛资源匮乏问题,本试验以引种入北京的铁皮石斛与安徽同一品种的铁皮石斛为材料,测定其一年水分和主要生物活性成分(多糖、生物碱、总酚、黄酮)含量的变化。结果显示,北京地区铁皮石斛多糖、生物碱、总酚、黄酮在一年中峰值出现时间分别是8、5、10和2月份,峰值含量分别为491.75、0.28、22.45和29.13 mg·g^-1;安徽地区上述活性成分峰值出现时间分别是9、4、8和1月份,峰值含量分别为509.20、0.28、26.61和28.91 mg·g^-1。引种后,北京地区铁皮石斛主要活性成分基本得到保留,表明北方地区引种铁皮石斛具有可行性;若以多糖含量为确定采摘时间的主要依据,建议北京地区铁皮石斛的最佳采摘时间为每年8月份,安徽地区铁皮石斛最佳采摘时间为每年9月份。本研究结果为北方地区铁皮石斛的引种与采收提供了数据支持,对铁皮石斛种植规模扩大有重要参考价值。

Comparative Analysis of Main Bioactive Components of Dendrobium officinale Before and After Introduction

In order to solve the shortage of Dendrobium officinale resources in north China, the Dendrobium officinale introduced to Beijing and the same variety of Dendrobium officinale from Anhui Province were used as materials to determine the changes of water content and main bioctive components (polysaccharides, alkaloids, total phenols and flavones) in one year. The results showed that the highest content of polysaccharides, alkaloids, total phenols and flavonoids in Beijing Dendrobium officinale were 491.75, 0.28, 22.45 and 29.13 mg·g^-1 in August, May, October and February, respectively. The peak time of the above bioactive components in Anhui was in September, April, August and January with 509.20, 0.28, 26.61 and 28.91 mg·g^-1, respectively. After the introduction, the main bioactive components of Dendrobium officinale from Beijing were basically preserved, indicating the feasibility of Dendrobium officinale in Northern China. It is suggested that the best picking time of Dendrobium officinale in Beijing should be in August and that in Anhui should be in September if the polysaccharide content was used as the main judgment basis. The results of this study provided data support for the introduction and collection of Dendrobium officinale in northern China and were of great value for the expansion of Dendrobium officinale planting scale.