苹果中农药登记与使用相关性分析

以苹果为例,研究农药批准生产登记与使用的相关性,以期为农药使用和监管提供依据。依据中国农药信息网的农药登记信息,统计自实行农药登记管理制度以来苹果中农药生产批准登记。调研2017年和2018年国内苹果主产区7个省份共276个果园在种植过程中农药的实际使用情况。对苹果农药登记和果园农药实际使用数据进行相关性分析。截至2019年10月国内苹果共登记6012种农药,其中现行有效产品2463种。有效农药登记包括杀虫剂/杀螨剂1064种（51种有效成分）、杀菌剂1260种（72种有效成分）、除草剂94种（6种有效成分）和植物生长调节剂45种（11种有效成分）。主要登记和使用的杀虫剂/杀螨剂包括阿维菌素、吡虫啉、毒死蜱、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、高效氯氰菊酯和灭幼脲,杀菌剂包括戊唑醇、甲基硫菌灵、代森锰锌、多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑、多抗霉素和波尔多液。苹果杀虫剂/杀螨剂和杀菌剂的农药登记与果园使用之间存在明显的相关性。

Correlation Analysis of Pesticide Registration and Usage in Apple Production

This study investigated the correlation between apple pesticide registration and usage in China, aiming to provide a basis for pesticide usage and supervision. The information of apple pesticide registration was obtained from the website of the Chinese Pesticide Information Network since the implementation of the pesticide registration policy. The apple pesticide usage in main producing regions was investigated in a total of 276 orchards from seven provinces in 2017 and 2018. Correlation analysis was performed based on the origin data of pesticide registration and actual usage. Up to October 2019, a total of 6012 pesticides were registered on apple, with effective products of 2463, including 1064 insecticides/acaricides, 1260 fungicides, 94 herbicides and 45 plant growth regulators. Major insecticides/acaricides registered and used included avermectin, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, avermectin benzoate, β-cypermethrin and chlorpyrizone, and fungicides included tebuconazole, methylsulfide carbendazim, mancozeb, carbendazim, anisole, polyoxin and bordeaux solution. This study clarifies a significant correlation between the insecticides/acaricides and fungicides registration and the actual usage in apple orchard.