不同品种和花期栀子花挥发性物质的主成分和聚类分析

为了探讨不同品种和不同花期栀子花挥发性物质之间的差异,本试验以山栀子、水栀子、狭叶栀子和重瓣栀子4个栀子花品种的花蕾期Ⅰ、盛开期Ⅱ和衰败期Ⅲ 3个花期的栀子花作为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对12个栀子花样品的挥发性物质进行分析,并通过主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(CA)对栀子花的香型进行判定和分类。结果表明,栀子花含有52种挥发性物质,利用PCA法可将52种物质简化至7个主成分,累计方差贡献率高达90.453%,可以反映大部分香气信息;通过PCA和CA将12个栀子花样品划分为2个集群:花蕾期Ⅰ的山栀子、花蕾期Ⅰ的重瓣栀子以及3个花期的水栀子归于1个集群;盛开期Ⅱ和衰败期Ⅲ的山栀子、盛开期Ⅱ和衰败期Ⅲ的重瓣栀子以及3个花期的狭叶栀子归于1个集群,归于1个集群则代表其栀子花香型相似。本研究结果为栀子花混合采摘以及后期开发利用提供了有力参考。

Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Volatile Components in Cape Jasmine Flower From Different Cultivars at Different Stages of Bloom

Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to investigate and classify the volatile components of cape jasmine flower from different cultivars including Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Gardenia jasminoides radicans, Gardenia stenophylla Merr., and Gardenia jasminoides var. Fortuniana Lindl. at three stages of bloom, namely the early (stage Ⅰ), the full (stage Ⅱ) and the late (stage Ⅲ) flowering stages expansion. Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatograohy-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile components of 12 samples of cape jasmine flower. 52 kinds of volatile components in Cape jasminoides flower were obtained, and that 7 principal components was extracted using PCA analysis could reflect most of the information on the samples with a total cumulative variance contribution rate as high as 90.453%. 12 samples of cape jasmin flower samples could be divided into two clusters by PCA and CA. One of the clusters was formed by 5 cape jasmine flower samples collected from stage Ⅰ of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, stage Ⅰ of Gardenia jasminoides var. Fortuniana Lindl and three stages of Gardenia jasminoides var. radicans. The other cluster was made up of the remaining 7 cape jasminoides flower samples. Gardenia jasminoides belonging to the same cluster showed silmilar flavor. This study could be an experimental reference for the development and utilization of cape jasmine flower resources.