猪H-FABP基因内含子1的一个遗传多态性及其遗传效应分析

目的]为H-FABP基因运用于猪育种过程中的标记辅助选择提供基础资料。方法]应用PCR-SSCP方法分析H-FABP基因在山西白猪、马身猪、大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克猪5个猪种的多态性,并研究基因型与肌内脂肪含量的相关性。结果]在猪H-FABP基因内含子1扩增的片段上发现了一个多态性,检测到2个等位基因（A、B）、3种基因型（AA、AB、BB）,并对纯合子进行测序,发现SSCP的变异是由碱基C→T的替换造成的。基因型在不同猪种分布的多重比较表明,马身猪与山西白猪、长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪间基因型分布差异极显著（P〈0.01）,其他纯种猪群间基因型分布差异不显著（P〉0.05）。固定效应模型分析表明,肌内脂肪含量基因型间差异极显著（P〈0.01）。最小二乘分析表明,BB基因型个体与AA基因型个体比较肌内脂肪含量差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论]H-FABP基因对猪肉品质存在一定的影响。

A Novel Genetic Polymorphism and Its Genetic Effects of Porcine Heart Fatty Acid-Binding (H-FABP) Gene in Intron 1

Objective] The aim was to provide basic reference for the use of H-FABP gene in marker-assisted selection of the breeding process of pig.Method] Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the H-FABP gene in Shanxi White pig,Mashen pig,Large White pig,Landrace and Duroc were tested by PCR-SSCP,and the correlation between genotype and intramuscular fat content in pigs were analyzed.Result] One polymorphism was found in the amplified region of intron 1 of porcine H-FABP gene,in which two alleles(A and B) and three genotypes(AA,AB,and BB)were examined.C→T transition was detected by sequencing the homozygotes.The multiple comparison of the distribution of genotype in different pig varieties revealed that Mashen pig showed extremely significant difference(P<0.01) in genotype distribution with Shanxi White,Landrace,Large White and Duroc breeds;whereas no significant differences(P>0.05) were found in genotype distribution between other breeds.Based on the fixed effect model,extremely significant differences(P<0.01) were found in the intramuscular fat content among different H-FABP genotypes.Using least square analysis,it was found that there was significant differences(P<0.05) in the intramuscular fat content between the individuals of the BB genotypes and those of the AA genotypes.Conclusion] The H-FABP genotype had significant effects on the meat quality.