农业科学与19世纪英国农业的发展

19世纪,英国农业在化学技术和机械技术的推动下,逐步迈向“高产农业”模式,呈现出农业科学化的特点。化学肥料的使用提升了土壤肥力,农业机械被用于农作物生产过程,节约了劳动力,化学技术和机械技术提升了土地生产率与劳动生产率,农作物产量大幅增加,有效应对了人口增长带来的粮食压力。此外,随着农业科学的不断发展,农业科学研究实验站、农业协会、农业学校也相继建立。农业科学研发、农业技术推广和农业知识传播等方面的进步,对19世纪英国农业的发展起到重要作用。

The Agricultural Science and Development of British Agriculture in the 19th Century

In the 19th century,with the promotion of chemical technology and mechanical technology,British agriculture gradually moved towards the mode of"high-yield farming",with the characteristics of scientific agriculture.The use of chemical fertilizers improved soil fertility;agricultural machinery was used in crop production to save labor;chemical and mechanical technologies increased land productivity and labor productivity,and greatly enhanced crop yields,thus effectively coping with the food pressure brought by population growth.In addition,with the continuous development of agricultural science,agricultural science experimental stations,agricultural societies,agricultural colleges were established.The progress in agricultural science research and development,agricultural technology promotion and agricultural knowledge dissemination played an important role in the development of British agriculture in the 19th century.