内蒙古典型草原家庭牧场暖棚舍饲养羊效益分析

对内蒙古太仆寺旗典型草原全年连续放牧的家畜饲养方式,通过绵羊冬春暖棚舍饲饲养与放牧饲养对比试验,利用中国西部草地生态经济模型对太仆寺旗家畜饲养方式进行研究和分析。结果表明：家畜能量供需不平衡是导致家畜在当年10月至次年5月,体重下降、生产性能降低的主要因素,而舍饲可以缓解家畜能量需求不平衡状况。从当年12月至次年4月,暖棚日平均温度和夜平均温度分别比室外温度提高10℃和5℃,且差异显著（P〈0.05）;在此阶段对家畜进行暖棚舍饲饲养,可减少母羊掉膘量3 kg/只,羔羊可增重1.25 kg/只。冬春季节实施暖棚舍饲对提高典型草原家畜圈舍的温度,减少家畜体能消耗,减少家畜掉膘量和促进草地畜牧业可持续发展具有重要意义。

Benefit Analysis on Greenhouse Sheep Breeding of Typical Steppe in Inner Mongolia

A bioeconomic model and a benefit analysis on warm shed sheep breeding were used in this experiment to analyzse the traditional animal breeding system in Taipusi Banner typical steppe,Inner Mongolia.Results showed that the big energy demand deficit from October to May is the primary reason for decreasing body weight and productivity of animal.The average temperature inside the greenhouse was 10 ℃ and 5 ℃ warmer than outside in the day time and at night,respectively（P〈0.05）,while ewes inside the greenhouse lost on average 3.00 kg less body weight and lambs increased 1.25kg more body weight than those outside from Dec to April（P〈0.05）.Warm shed sheep breeding is a better management style for increasing the shed temperature,improving the productivity of animal and grassland.